Definition: A statement and the argument or reason for that statement (supporting proposition follows).
Conjunctions: for, because, since, etc.
Distinctions: Idea-Explanation, Inference, Bilateral, Action-Purpose (Hover over a relationship to see how it differs.)
Idea-Explanation (Id/Exp) vs Ground (G)
"For" and "because" are common connecting words which indicate a Ground relationship. However, sometimes we find these words presenting a further explanation of what preceded, not a logical basis.
The easiest way of determining which relationship is more appropriate for a given text is to ask whether the author/speaker is restating what was said before with further explanation (Idea-Explanation) or making a distinct statement which supports what preceded (Ground).
Jesus is glorious, for he shines forth perfection. (Idea-Explanation)
Jesus is glorious, for he is just like the Father. (Ground)
Ground (G) vs Inference ()
When the supporting statement precedes, it is an Inference relationship. When the supporting statment follows, it is a Ground relationship.
Thus, in both cases the label will always be in the second of the two arcs.
Bill ate the donut because he was hungry. (Ground)
Bill was hungry and so ate the donut. (Inference)
Ground (G) vs Bilateral (BL)
Use Bilateral when you have three propositions that you want to relate, the grounding one sandwiched between two inferences. Conversely, Gound and Inference will only relate two propositions (or groups of propositions).
I need to do my taxes because it is already April. (Ground)
I need to do my taxes because it is April 14th. I really need to do my taxes! (Bilateral)
Ground (G) vs Action-Purpose (Ac/Pur)
Both Ground and Action-Purpose answer the question "Why?". The difference is that with Ground, the supported action or reality looks back (chronologically or logically) to the truth of the grounding idea. Conversely, with Action-Purpose, the action looks forward with the intention to bring about the purposed result.
Bill kicked the football because he was the field goal kicker. (Ground)
Bill kicked the football in order to attempt a field goal. (Action-Purpose)