notes
Main point summary
In closing, John states his purpose in writing the letter, explains the confidence we have in prayer, discusses intercession for those in sin, proclaims three truths and warns his readers to guard themselves from idols.
Arc
editing
NT
1 John 5:13-21
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nasb
schl
Ταῦτα ἔγραψα ὑμῖν
a These things I have written to you
Solches habe ich euch geschrieben,
ἵνα εἰδῆτε ὅτι ζωὴν ἔχετε αἰώνιον, τοῖς πιστεύουσιν εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ.
who b believe in the name of the Son of God, so that you may know that you have c eternal life.
damit ihr wisset, daß ihr ewiges Leben habt, die ihr an den Namen des Sohnes Gottes glaubt.
actionpurpose
Καὶ αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ παρρησία ἣν ἔχομεν πρὸς αὐτὸν
This is a the confidence which we have 1 before Him,
Und das ist die Freimütigkeit, die wir ihm gegenüber haben,
ὅτι ἐάν τι αἰτώμεθα κατὰ τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ
that , b if we ask anything according to His will,
daß, wenn wir seinem Willen gemäß um etwas bitten,
ἀκούει ἡμῶν.
He hears us.
er uns hört.
conditional
ideaexplanation
καὶ ἐὰν οἴδαμεν ὅτι ἀκούει ἡμῶν ὃ ἐὰν αἰτώμεθα,
And if we know that He hears us in whatever we ask,
Und wenn wir wissen, daß er uns hört, um was wir auch bitten,
οἴδαμεν ὅτι ἔχομεν τὰ αἰτήματα ἃ ᾐτήκαμεν ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ.
a we know that we have the requests which we have asked from Him.
so wissen wir, daß wir das Erbetene haben, das wir von ihm erbeten haben.
progression
Ἐάν τις ἴδῃ τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ ἁμαρτάνοντα ἁμαρτίαν μὴ πρὸς θάνατον,
If anyone sees his brother 1 committing a sin not leading to death,
Wenn jemand seinen Bruder sündigen sieht, eine Sünde nicht zum Tode,
αἰτήσει
a he shall ask
so soll er bitten,
καὶ δώσει αὐτῷ ζωήν, τοῖς ἁμαρτάνουσιν μὴ πρὸς θάνατον.
and 2 God will for him give life to those who commit sin not leading to death.
und Er wird ihm Leben geben, solchen, die nicht zum Tode sündigen.
actionresult
ἔστιν ἁμαρτία πρὸς θάνατον•
b There is a sin leading to death;
Es gibt eine Sünde zum Tode;
οὐ περὶ ἐκείνης λέγω ἵνα ἐρωτήσῃ.
c I do not say that he should make request for this.
daß man für eine solche bitten soll, sage ich nicht!
situationresponse
πᾶσα ἀδικία ἁμαρτία ἐστίν,
a All unrighteousness is sin,
Jede Ungerechtigkeit ist Sünde;
καὶ ἔστιν ἁμαρτία οὐ πρὸς θάνατον.
and b there is a sin not leading to death.
aber es gibt Sünde; nicht zum Tode.
concessive
Οἴδαμεν ὅτι πᾶς ὁ γεγεννημένος ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ οὐχ ἁμαρτάνει,
a We know that b no one who is 1 born of God sins;
Wir wissen, daß jeder, der aus Gott geboren ist, nicht sündigt;
ἀλλʼ ὁ γεννηθεὶς ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ τηρεῖ ἑαυτὸν
but He who was 1 born of God c keeps him,
sondern wer aus Gott geboren ist, hütet sich,
καὶ ὁ πονηρὸς οὐχ ἅπτεται αὐτοῦ.
and d the evil one does not e touch him.
und der Arge tastet ihn nicht an.
ground
οἴδαμεν ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐσμεν
a We know that b we are of God,
Wir wissen, daß wir aus Gott sind
καὶ ὁ κόσμος ὅλος ἐν τῷ πονηρῷ κεῖται.
and that c the whole world lies in the power of the evil one.
und die ganze Welt im argen liegt;
series
οἴδαμεν δὲ ὅτι ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ ἥκει
And a we know that b the Son of God has come,
wir wissen aber, daß der Sohn Gottes gekommen ist
καὶ δέδωκεν ἡμῖν διάνοιαν
and has c given us understanding
und uns einen Sinn gegeben hat,
ἵνα γινώσκωμεν τὸν ἀληθινόν,
so that we may know d Him who is true;
daß wir den Wahrhaftigen erkennen.
καὶ ἐσμὲν ἐν τῷ ἀληθινῷ, ἐν τῷ υἱῷ αὐτοῦ Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ.
and we e are in Him who is true, in His Son Jesus Christ.
Und wir sind in dem Wahrhaftigen, in seinem Sohne Jesus Christus.
οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἀληθινὸς θεὸς καὶ ζωὴ αἰώνιος.
f This is the true God and g eternal life.
Dieser ist der wahrhaftige Gott und das ewige Leben.
Τεκνία, φυλάξατε ἑαυτὰ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰδώλων.
a Little children, guard yourselves from b idols.
Kindlein, hütet euch vor den Abgöttern!
First class conditional assumed to be true from the author's perspective.
Third class conditional "Future More Probable Condition" indicating either a probable future action or a hypothetical situation.
Third class conditional 'Present General Condition' indicating a generic situation or universal truth at the present time.
"The devil does not touch the Christian because the Son keeps him, and so, because the Son keeps him, the Christian does not persist in sin." John Stott, Tyndale New Testament Commentary.
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discourse
Phrase
1 John 5:13-21
Confidence of Eternal Life
These things I have written to you
who believe in the name of the Son of God, so that you may know that you have eternal life.
Confidence in Prayer
This is the confidence which we have before Him,
that, if we ask anything according to His will,
He hears us.
And if we know that He hears us in whatever we ask,
we know that we have the requests which we have asked from Him.
Brothers in Sin
If anyone sees his brother committing a sin not leading to death,
he shall ask
and God will for him give life to those who commit sin not leading to death.
There is a sin leading to death;
I do not say that he should make request for this.
All unrighteousness is sin,
and there is a sin not leading to death.
Three Proclamations of Truth
The Christian and Sin
We know that no one who is born of God sins;
but He who was born of God keeps him,
and the evil one does not touch him.
The Christian and the World
We know that we are of God,
and that the whole world lies in the power of the evil one.
The Christian and the Son of God
And we know that the Son of God has come,
and has given us understanding
so that we may know Him who is true;
and we are in Him who is true, in His Son Jesus Christ.
This is the true God and eternal life.
Warning Concerning idols
Little children, guard yourselves from idols.
phrasing
Phrase Greek
1 John 5:13-21
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Ταῦτα ἔγραψα ὑμῖν
These things I have written to you who believe in the name of the Son of God, so that you may know that you have eternal life.
Solches habe ich euch geschrieben, damit ihr wisset, daß ihr ewiges Leben habt, die ihr an den Namen des Sohnes Gottes glaubt.
ἵνα εἰδῆτε
ὅτι ζωὴν ἔχετε αἰώνιον,
τοῖς πιστεύουσιν εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ.
Καὶ αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ παρρησία
This is the confidence which we have before Him, that, if we ask anything according to His will, He hears us.
Und das ist die Freimütigkeit, die wir ihm gegenüber haben, daß, wenn wir seinem Willen gemäß um etwas bitten, er uns hört.
ἣν ἔχομεν πρὸς αὐτὸν
ὅτι ἐάν τι αἰτώμεθα κατὰ τὸ θέλημα
αὐτοῦ ἀκούει ἡμῶν.
καὶ ἐὰν οἴδαμεν
And if we know that He hears us in whatever we ask, we know that we have the requests which we have asked from Him.
Und wenn wir wissen, daß er uns hört, um was wir auch bitten, so wissen wir, daß wir das Erbetene haben, das wir von ihm erbeten haben.
ὅτι ἀκούει ἡμῶν
ὃ ἐὰν αἰτώμεθα,
οἴδαμεν
ὅτι ἔχομεν τὰ αἰτήματα
ἃ ᾐτήκαμεν ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ.
Ἐάν τις ἴδῃ τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ ἁμαρτάνοντα ἁμαρτίαν μὴ πρὸς θάνατον,
If anyone sees his brother committing a sin not leading to death, he shall ask and God will for him give life to those who commit sin not leading to death. There is a sin leading to death; I do not say that he should make request for this.
Wenn jemand seinen Bruder sündigen sieht, eine Sünde nicht zum Tode, so soll er bitten, und Er wird ihm Leben geben, solchen, die nicht zum Tode sündigen. Es gibt eine Sünde zum Tode; daß man für eine solche bitten soll, sage ich nicht!
αἰτήσει
καὶ δώσει αὐτῷ ζωήν, τοῖς ἁμαρτάνουσιν μὴ πρὸς θάνατον.
ἔστιν ἁμαρτία πρὸς θάνατον•
οὐ περὶ ἐκείνης λέγω
ἵνα ἐρωτήσῃ.
πᾶσα ἀδικία ἁμαρτία ἐστίν,
All unrighteousness is sin, and there is a sin not leading to death.
Jede Ungerechtigkeit ist Sünde; aber es gibt Sünde; nicht zum Tode.
καὶ ἔστιν ἁμαρτία οὐ πρὸς θάνατον.
Οἴδαμεν
We know that no one who is born of God sins; but He who was born of God keeps him, and the evil one does not touch him.
Wir wissen, daß jeder, der aus Gott geboren ist, nicht sündigt; sondern wer aus Gott geboren ist, hütet sich, und der Arge tastet ihn nicht an.
ὅτι πᾶς ὁ γεγεννημένος ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ οὐχ ἁμαρτάνει,
ἀλλʼ ὁ γεννηθεὶς ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ τηρεῖ ἑαυτὸν
καὶ ὁ πονηρὸς οὐχ ἅπτεται αὐτοῦ.
οἴδαμεν
We know that we are of God, and that the whole world lies in the power of the evil one.
Wir wissen, daß wir aus Gott sind und die ganze Welt im argen liegt;
ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐσμεν
καὶ ὁ κόσμος ὅλος ἐν τῷ πονηρῷ κεῖται.
οἴδαμεν δὲ
And we know that the Son of God has come, and has given us understanding so that we may know Him who is true; and we are in Him who is true, in His Son Jesus Christ. This is the true God and eternal life.
wir wissen aber, daß der Sohn Gottes gekommen ist und uns einen Sinn gegeben hat, daß wir den Wahrhaftigen erkennen. Und wir sind in dem Wahrhaftigen, in seinem Sohne Jesus Christus. Dieser ist der wahrhaftige Gott und das ewige Leben.
ὅτι ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ ἥκει
καὶ δέδωκεν ἡμῖν διάνοιαν
ἵνα γινώσκωμεν τὸν ἀληθινόν,
καὶ ἐσμὲν ἐν τῷ ἀληθινῷ,
ἐν τῷ υἱῷ αὐτοῦ Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ.
οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἀληθινὸς θεὸς καὶ ζωὴ αἰώνιος.
Τεκνία, φυλάξατε ἑαυτὰ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰδώλων.
Little children, guard yourselves from idols.
Kindlein, hütet euch vor den Abgöttern!
Ταῦτα ἔγραψα ὑμῖν ἵνα εἰδῆτε ὅτι ζωὴν ἔχετε αἰώνιον, τοῖς πιστεύουσιν εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ.
Καὶ αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ παρρησία ἣν ἔχομεν πρὸς αὐτὸν ὅτι ἐάν τι αἰτώμεθα κατὰ τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ ἀκούει ἡμῶν.
καὶ ἐὰν οἴδαμεν ὅτι ἀκούει ἡμῶν ὃ ἐὰν αἰτώμεθα, οἴδαμεν ὅτι ἔχομεν τὰ αἰτήματα ἃ ᾐτήκαμεν ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ.
Ἐάν τις ἴδῃ τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ ἁμαρτάνοντα ἁμαρτίαν μὴ πρὸς θάνατον, αἰτήσει καὶ δώσει αὐτῷ ζωήν, τοῖς ἁμαρτάνουσιν μὴ πρὸς θάνατον. ἔστιν ἁμαρτία πρὸς θάνατον• οὐ περὶ ἐκείνης λέγω ἵνα ἐρωτήσῃ.
πᾶσα ἀδικία ἁμαρτία ἐστίν, καὶ ἔστιν ἁμαρτία οὐ πρὸς θάνατον.
Οἴδαμεν ὅτι πᾶς ὁ γεγεννημένος ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ οὐχ ἁμαρτάνει, ἀλλʼ ὁ γεννηθεὶς ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ τηρεῖ ἑαυτὸν καὶ ὁ πονηρὸς οὐχ ἅπτεται αὐτοῦ.
οἴδαμεν ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐσμεν καὶ ὁ κόσμος ὅλος ἐν τῷ πονηρῷ κεῖται.
οἴδαμεν δὲ ὅτι ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ ἥκει καὶ δέδωκεν ἡμῖν διάνοιαν ἵνα γινώσκωμεν τὸν ἀληθινόν, καὶ ἐσμὲν ἐν τῷ ἀληθινῷ, ἐν τῷ υἱῷ αὐτοῦ Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ. οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἀληθινὸς θεὸς καὶ ζωὴ αἰώνιος.
Τεκνία, φυλάξατε ἑαυτὰ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰδώλων.
Diagram
studyinfo
components
1 John 5:13-21
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subjectverb
solid
drop
equal
revrocket
line
pred
ἔγραψα
directobject
Ταῦτα
indirectobj
pstack
cword
ὑμῖν
equals
table
τοῖς
participle
πιστεύουσιν
vertical
prepphrase
εἰς
τὸ
ὄνομα
τοῦ
υἱοῦ
τοῦ
θεοῦ
obtuse
εἰδῆτε
shelf
ἔχετε
ζωὴν
αἰώνιον
ὅτι
ἵνα
text
v13a
v13b
v13c
v13d
Καὶ
αὕτη
ἐστὶν
predicate
ἡ
παρρησία
quoteshelf
ἀκούει
ἡμῶν
αἰτώμεθα
τι
κατὰ
τὸ
θέλημα
αὐτοῦ
ἐάν
ὅτι
ἔχομεν
ἣν
πρὸς
αὐτὸν
smartline
dashed
free
ttext
v14a
v14b
v14c
v14d
καὶ
οἴδαμεν
ἔχομεν
τὰ
αἰτήματα
ὅτι
οἴδαμεν
ἀκούει
ἡμῶν
dblaccusative
αἰτώμεθα
ὃ
ἐὰν
ὅτι
ἐὰν
v15a
ᾐτήκαμεν
ἃ
ἀπʼ
αὐτοῦ
v15b
v15c
v15d
v15e
v15f
rocketship
αἰτήσει
τις
ἴδῃ
τὸν
ἀδελφὸν
αὐτοῦ
ἁμαρτάνοντα
ἁμαρτίαν
πρὸς
θάνατον
μὴ
Ἐάν
δώσει
ζωήν
αὐτῷ
τοῖς
ἁμαρτάνουσιν
πρὸς
θάνατον
μὴ
καὶ
ἔστιν
ἁμαρτία
πρὸς
θάνατον
λέγω
οὐ
περὶ
ἐκείνης
ἐρωτήσῃ
ἵνα
v16a
v16b
v16c
v16d
v16e
v16f
ἀδικία
πᾶσα
ἐστίν
ἁμαρτία
καὶ
ἔστιν
ἁμαρτία
πρὸς
θάνατον
οὐ
v17a
v17b
Οἴδαμεν
ὁ
πᾶς
ἁμαρτάνει
οὐχ
γεγεννημένος
ἐκ
τοῦ
θεοῦ
ὁ
τηρεῖ
ἑαυτὸν
γεννηθεὶς
ἐκ
τοῦ
θεοῦ
ὁ
πονηρὸς
ἅπτεται
οὐχ
αὐτοῦ
καὶ
ἀλλʼ
ὅτι
v18a
v18b
v18c
v18d
οἴδαμεν
ἐσμεν
ἐκ
τοῦ
θεοῦ
ὁ
κόσμος
ὅλος
κεῖται
ἐν
τῷ
πονηρῷ
καὶ
ὅτι
v19a
v19b
v19c
οἴδαμεν
ὁ
υἱὸς
τοῦ
θεοῦ
ἥκει
δέδωκεν
ἡμῖν
διάνοιαν
γινώσκωμεν
τὸν
ἀληθινόν
ἵνα
καὶ
ὅτι
δὲ
καὶ
ἐσμὲν
ἐν
τῷ
ἀληθινῷ
ἐν
τῷ
υἱῷ
αὐτοῦ
Ἰησοῦ
Χριστῷ
οὗτός
ἐστιν
ὁ
θεὸς
ἀληθινὸς
ζωὴ
αἰώνιος
καὶ
v20a
v20b
v20c
v20d
v20e
v20f
v20g
Τεκνία
φυλάξατε
ἑαυτὰ
ἀπὸ
τῶν
εἰδώλων
The verb ἀκούω may be used with the genitive case as well as the accusative case. In classical Greek, the distinction in case represented a distinction in meaning. For example, ἀκούω with the genitive case had more to do with hearing from someone, whereas the accusative case was used for hearing what was said. Robertson discussed ἀκούω with the two cases and described the distinction this way: The accusative (case of extent) accents the intellectual apprehension of the sound, while the genitive (specifying case) calls attention to the sound of the voice without accenting the sense. (A Grammar of the Greek New Testament, A. T. Robertson, p. 506). Source: ntgreek.site
This use of ἐάν (ean) with the indicative mood rather than the subjunctive constitutes an anomalous usage. Here ἐάν is used instead of ἐι (ei) to introduce a first-class condition: “if we know (οἴδαμεν, oidamen) that he hears us in regard to whatever we ask, then we know that we have the requests which we have asked from him.” The reality of the condition (protasis) is assumed for the sake of argument; given the protasis, the apodosis follows. The use of ἐάν for ἐι is rare but not without precedent; see M. Zerwick (Biblical Greek §§330-31). Source: NET Bible
Change from singular to plural.
Taking the genitive as object.
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