Do Not Judge One Another

Paul now deals with the topic of differences in the non-essentials. Here these are food (v2), holy days (v5) and wine (v21). Paul commands those who eat are not to regard with contempt those who don't eat and those who don't eat are not to judge those who eat. He gives three reasons for this command: 1. v3c God has accepted your opponent. 2. v4a You have no business judging another person's servant. 3. v4b-c Your opponent has his master's approval. Paul then instructs them that in the non-essentials each one is to be convinced that his own view and the resulting actions are glorifying to the Lord. This is because Jesus is a Christians's Lord in life and death. Paul then gives a final reason why they should not judge one another or regard one another with contempt in the non-essentials: all will be judged by God.

Arc

editing

Romans 14:1-12

na28

nasb

schl

Τὸν δὲ ἀσθενοῦντα τῇ πίστει προσλαμβάνεσθε,

Now a accept the one who is b weak in faith,

Des Schwachen im Glauben nehmet euch an,

μὴ εἰς διακρίσεις διαλογισμῶν.

but not for the purpose of passing judgment on his opinions.

doch nicht um über Meinungen zu streiten.

concessive

ὃς μὲν πιστεύει φαγεῖν πάντα,

a One person has faith that he may eat all things,

Einer glaubt, alles essen zu dürfen;

ὁ δὲ ἀσθενῶν λάχανα ἐσθίει.

but he who is b weak eats vegetables only.

wer aber schwach ist, ißt Gemüse.

ὁ ἐσθίων τὸν μὴ ἐσθίοντα μὴ ἐξουθενείτω,

The one who eats is not to a regard with contempt the one who does not eat,

Wer ißt, verachte den nicht, der nicht ißt;

ὁ δὲ μὴ ἐσθίων τὸν ἐσθίοντα μὴ κρινέτω,

and the one who does not eat is not to b judge the one who eats,

und wer nicht ißt, richte den nicht, der ißt;

series

ὁ θεὸς γὰρ αὐτὸν προσελάβετο.

for God has c accepted him.

denn Gott hat ihn angenommen.

ground

σὺ τίς εἶ ὁ κρίνων ἀλλότριον οἰκέτην;

a Who are you to judge the 1 servant of another?

Wer bist du, daß du einen fremden Knecht richtest?

τῷ ἰδίῳ κυρίῳ στήκει ἢ πίπτει•

To his own 2 master he stands or falls;

Er steht oder fällt seinem Herrn.

σταθήσεται δέ,

and he will stand,

Er wird aber aufgerichtet werden;

δυνατεῖ γὰρ ὁ κύριος στῆσαι αὐτόν.

for the Lord is able to make him stand.

denn der Herr vermag ihn aufzurichten.

ideaexplanation

Ὃς μὲν [γὰρ] κρίνει ἡμέραν παρʼ ἡμέραν,

a One person 1 regards one day above another,

Dieser achtet einen Tag höher als den andern,

ὃς δὲ κρίνει πᾶσαν ἡμέραν•

another regards every day alike.

jener hält alle Tage gleich;

alternative

ἕκαστος ἐν τῷ ἰδίῳ νοῒ πληροφορείσθω.

Each person must be b fully convinced in his own mind.

ein jeglicher sei seiner Meinung gewiß!

ὁ φρονῶν τὴν ἡμέραν κυρίῳ φρονεῖ •

He who observes the day, observes it for the Lord,

Wer auf den Tag schaut, schaut darauf für den Herrn, und wer nicht auf den Tag schaut, schaut nicht darauf für den Herrn.

καὶ ὁ ἐσθίων κυρίῳ ἐσθίει,

and he who eats, 1 does so for the Lord,

Wer ißt, der ißt für den Herrn;

εὐχαριστεῖ γὰρ τῷ θεῷ•

for he a gives thanks to God;

denn er dankt Gott,

καὶ ὁ μὴ ἐσθίων κυρίῳ οὐκ ἐσθίει

and he who eats not, for the Lord he does not eat,

und wer nicht ißt, der ißt nicht für den Herrn

καὶ εὐχαριστεῖ τῷ θεῷ.

and gives thanks to God.

und dankt Gott.

οὐδεὶς γὰρ ἡμῶν ἑαυτῷ ζῇ

For not one of us a lives for himself,

Denn keiner von uns lebt sich selbst

καὶ οὐδεὶς ἑαυτῷ ἀποθνῄσκει•

and not one dies for himself;

und keiner stirbt sich selbst.

ἐάν τε γὰρ ζῶμεν,

for if we live,

Leben wir,

τῷ κυρίῳ ζῶμεν,

we live for the Lord,

so leben wir dem Herrn,

conditional

ἐάν τε ἀποθνῄσκωμεν,

or if we die,

sterben wir,

τῷ κυρίῳ ἀποθνῄσκομεν.

we die for the Lord;

so sterben wir dem Herrn;

temporal

ἐάν τε οὖν ζῶμεν ἐάν τε ἀποθνῄσκωμεν, τοῦ κυρίου ἐσμέν.

therefore a whether we live or die, we are the Lord’s.

ob wir nun leben oder sterben, so sind wir des Herrn.

inference

εἰς τοῦτο γὰρ Χριστὸς ἀπέθανεν καὶ ἔζησεν,

For to this end a Christ died and lived again,

Denn dazu ist Christus gestorben und wieder lebendig geworden,

ἵνα καὶ νεκρῶν καὶ ζώντων κυριεύσῃ.

that He might be b Lord both of the dead and of the living.

daß er sowohl über Tote als auch über Lebende Herr sei.

actionpurpose

Σὺ δὲ τί κρίνεις τὸν ἀδελφόν σου;

But you, why do you judge your brother?

Du aber, was richtest du deinen Bruder?

ἢ καὶ σὺ τί ἐξουθενεῖς τὸν ἀδελφόν σου;

Or you again, why do you a regard your brother with contempt?

Oder du, was verachtest du deinen Bruder?

πάντες γὰρ παραστησόμεθα τῷ βήματι τοῦ θεοῦ,

For b we will all stand before the judgment seat of God.

Wir werden alle vor dem Richterstuhl Christi erscheinen;

γέγραπται γάρ•

For it is written,

denn es steht geschrieben:

ζῶ ἐγώ, λέγει κύριος, ὅτι ἐμοὶ κάμψει πᾶν γόνυ καὶ πᾶσα γλῶσσα ἐξομολογήσεται τῷ θεῷ.

“ a As I live , says the Lord , b every knee shall bow to Me , And every tongue shall 1 give praise to God .”

«So wahr ich lebe, spricht der Herr, mir soll sich beugen jedes Knie, und jede Zunge wird Gott bekennen.»

ἄρα [οὖν] ἕκαστος ἡμῶν περὶ ἑαυτοῦ λόγον δώσει [τῷ θεῷ].

So then a each one of us will give an account of himself to God.

So wird also ein jeglicher für sich selbst Gott Rechenschaft geben.

bilateral

Rhetorical question: You have no business judging the servant of another.

1st reason why we are not to judge one another in the non-essentials: God has accepted my opponent.

2nd reason why we are not to judge one another in the non-essentials: I have no business judging the servant of another person.

3rd reason why we should not judge one another in the non-essentials: My opponents has his master’s approval.

Rhetorical question: Do not judge your brother.

Rhetorical question: Do not regard your brother with contempt.

Paul commands those who eat are not to regard with contempt those who don't eat and those who don't eat are not to judge those who eat. He gives three reasons for this command: v3c God has accepted your opponent. v4a You have no business judging another person's servant. v4b-c Your opponent has his master's approval.

Paul instructs them that in the non-essentials each one is to be convinced that his own view and the resulting actions are glorifying to the Lord. This is because Jesus is a Christian's Lord in life and death.

Paul gives a final reason why they should not judge one another or regard one another with contempt in the non-essentials: all will be judged by God.

4th reason why we should not judge one another in the non-essentials: We will all be judged by the Lord.

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discourse

Phrase

Romans 14:1-12

A. Introduction

Now accept the one who is weak in faith,

but not for the purpose of passing judgment on his opinions.

B. Do Not Judge

One person has faith that he may eat all things,

but he who is weak eats vegetables only.

The one who eats is not to regard with contempt the one who does not eat,

and the one who does not eat is not to judge the one who eats,

for God has accepted him.

Who are you to judge the servant of another?

To his own master he stands or falls;

and he will stand,

for the Lord is able to make him stand.

C. Convictions Glorify the Lord

One person regards one day above another,

another regards every day alike.

Each person must be fully convinced in his own mind.

He who observes the day, observes it for the Lord,

and he who eats, does so for the Lord,

for he gives thanks to God;

and he who eats not, for the Lord he does not eat,

and gives thanks to God.

For not one of us lives for himself,

and not one dies for himself;

for if we live,

we live for the Lord,

or if we die,

we die for the Lord;

therefore whether we live or die, we are the Lord’s.

For to this end Christ died and lived again,

that He might be Lord both of the dead and of the living.

B'. Do Not Judge

But you, why do you judge your brother?

Or you again, why do you regard your brother with contempt?

For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God.

For it is written,

“As I live, says the Lord, every knee shall bow to Me, And every tongue shall give praise to God.”

So then each one of us will give an account of himself to God.

phrasing

Phrase Greek

Romans 14:1-12

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Τὸν δὲ ἀσθενοῦντα τῇ πίστει προσλαμβάνεσθε, μὴ εἰς διακρίσεις διαλογισμῶν.

Now accept the one who is weak in faith, but not for the purpose of passing judgment on his opinions.

Des Schwachen im Glauben nehmet euch an, doch nicht um über Meinungen zu streiten.

ὃς μὲν πιστεύει φαγεῖν πάντα,

One person has faith that he may eat all things, but he who is weak eats vegetables only.

Einer glaubt, alles essen zu dürfen; wer aber schwach ist, ißt Gemüse.

ὁ δὲ ἀσθενῶν λάχανα ἐσθίει.

ὁ ἐσθίων τὸν μὴ ἐσθίοντα μὴ ἐξουθενείτω,

The one who eats is not to regard with contempt the one who does not eat, and the one who does not eat is not to judge the one who eats, for God has accepted him.

Wer ißt, verachte den nicht, der nicht ißt; und wer nicht ißt, richte den nicht, der ißt; denn Gott hat ihn angenommen.

ὁ δὲ μὴ ἐσθίων τὸν ἐσθίοντα μὴ κρινέτω,

ὁ θεὸς γὰρ αὐτὸν προσελάβετο.

σὺ τίς εἶ ὁ κρίνων ἀλλότριον οἰκέτην;

Who are you to judge the servant of another? To his own master he stands or falls; and he will stand, for the Lord is able to make him stand.

Wer bist du, daß du einen fremden Knecht richtest? Er steht oder fällt seinem Herrn. Er wird aber aufgerichtet werden; denn der Herr vermag ihn aufzurichten.

τῷ ἰδίῳ κυρίῳ στήκει ἢ πίπτει•

σταθήσεται δέ,

δυνατεῖ γὰρ ὁ κύριος στῆσαι αὐτόν.

Ὃς μὲν [γὰρ] κρίνει ἡμέραν παρʼ ἡμέραν,

One person regards one day above another, another regards every day alike. Each person must be fully convinced in his own mind.

Dieser achtet einen Tag höher als den andern, jener hält alle Tage gleich; ein jeglicher sei seiner Meinung gewiß!

ὃς δὲ κρίνει πᾶσαν ἡμέραν•

ἕκαστος ἐν τῷ ἰδίῳ νοῒ πληροφορείσθω.

ὁ φρονῶν τὴν ἡμέραν κυρίῳ φρονεῖ •

He who observes the day, observes it for the Lord, and he who eats, does so for the Lord, for he gives thanks to God; and he who eats not, for the Lord he does not eat, and gives thanks to God.

Wer auf den Tag schaut, schaut darauf für den Herrn, und wer nicht auf den Tag schaut, schaut nicht darauf für den Herrn. Wer ißt, der ißt für den Herrn; denn er dankt Gott, und wer nicht ißt, der ißt nicht für den Herrn und dankt Gott.

καὶ ὁ ἐσθίων κυρίῳ ἐσθίει,

εὐχαριστεῖ γὰρ τῷ θεῷ•

καὶ ὁ μὴ ἐσθίων κυρίῳ οὐκ ἐσθίει

καὶ εὐχαριστεῖ τῷ θεῷ.

οὐδεὶς γὰρ ἡμῶν ἑαυτῷ ζῇ

For not one of us lives for himself, and not one dies for himself;

Denn keiner von uns lebt sich selbst und keiner stirbt sich selbst.

καὶ οὐδεὶς ἑαυτῷ ἀποθνῄσκει•

ἐάν τε γὰρ ζῶμεν,

for if we live, we live for the Lord, or if we die, we die for the Lord; therefore whether we live or die, we are the Lord’s.

Leben wir, so leben wir dem Herrn, sterben wir, so sterben wir dem Herrn; ob wir nun leben oder sterben, so sind wir des Herrn.

τῷ κυρίῳ ζῶμεν,

ἐάν τε ἀποθνῄσκωμεν,

τῷ κυρίῳ ἀποθνῄσκομεν.

ἐάν τε οὖν ζῶμεν

ἐάν τε ἀποθνῄσκωμεν,

τοῦ κυρίου ἐσμέν.

εἰς τοῦτο γὰρ Χριστὸς ἀπέθανεν καὶ ἔζησεν,

For to this end Christ died and lived again, that He might be Lord both of the dead and of the living.

Denn dazu ist Christus gestorben und wieder lebendig geworden, daß er sowohl über Tote als auch über Lebende Herr sei.

ἵνα καὶ νεκρῶν καὶ ζώντων κυριεύσῃ.

Σὺ δὲ τί κρίνεις τὸν ἀδελφόν σου;

But you, why do you judge your brother? Or you again, why do you regard your brother with contempt? For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God.

Du aber, was richtest du deinen Bruder? Oder du, was verachtest du deinen Bruder? Wir werden alle vor dem Richterstuhl Christi erscheinen;

ἢ καὶ σὺ τί ἐξουθενεῖς τὸν ἀδελφόν σου;

πάντες γὰρ παραστησόμεθα τῷ βήματι τοῦ θεοῦ,

γέγραπται γάρ•

For it is written, “As I live, says the Lord, every knee shall bow to Me, And every tongue shall give praise to God.”

denn es steht geschrieben: «So wahr ich lebe, spricht der Herr, mir soll sich beugen jedes Knie, und jede Zunge wird Gott bekennen.»

ζῶ ἐγώ,

λέγει κύριος,

ὅτι ἐμοὶ κάμψει πᾶν γόνυ

καὶ πᾶσα γλῶσσα ἐξομολογήσεται τῷ θεῷ.

ἄρα [οὖν] ἕκαστος ἡμῶν περὶ ἑαυτοῦ λόγον δώσει [τῷ θεῷ].

So then each one of us will give an account of himself to God.

So wird also ein jeglicher für sich selbst Gott Rechenschaft geben.

Τὸν δὲ ἀσθενοῦντα τῇ πίστει προσλαμβάνεσθε, μὴ εἰς διακρίσεις διαλογισμῶν.

ὃς μὲν πιστεύει φαγεῖν πάντα, ὁ δὲ ἀσθενῶν λάχανα ἐσθίει.

ὁ ἐσθίων τὸν μὴ ἐσθίοντα μὴ ἐξουθενείτω, ὁ δὲ μὴ ἐσθίων τὸν ἐσθίοντα μὴ κρινέτω, ὁ θεὸς γὰρ αὐτὸν προσελάβετο.

σὺ τίς εἶ ὁ κρίνων ἀλλότριον οἰκέτην; τῷ ἰδίῳ κυρίῳ στήκει ἢ πίπτει• σταθήσεται δέ, δυνατεῖ γὰρ ὁ κύριος στῆσαι αὐτόν.

Ὃς μὲν [γὰρ] κρίνει ἡμέραν παρʼ ἡμέραν, ὃς δὲ κρίνει πᾶσαν ἡμέραν• ἕκαστος ἐν τῷ ἰδίῳ νοῒ πληροφορείσθω.

ὁ φρονῶν τὴν ἡμέραν κυρίῳ φρονεῖ • καὶ ὁ ἐσθίων κυρίῳ ἐσθίει, εὐχαριστεῖ γὰρ τῷ θεῷ• καὶ ὁ μὴ ἐσθίων κυρίῳ οὐκ ἐσθίει καὶ εὐχαριστεῖ τῷ θεῷ.

οὐδεὶς γὰρ ἡμῶν ἑαυτῷ ζῇ καὶ οὐδεὶς ἑαυτῷ ἀποθνῄσκει•

ἐάν τε γὰρ ζῶμεν, τῷ κυρίῳ ζῶμεν, ἐάν τε ἀποθνῄσκωμεν, τῷ κυρίῳ ἀποθνῄσκομεν. ἐάν τε οὖν ζῶμεν ἐάν τε ἀποθνῄσκωμεν, τοῦ κυρίου ἐσμέν.

εἰς τοῦτο γὰρ Χριστὸς ἀπέθανεν καὶ ἔζησεν, ἵνα καὶ νεκρῶν καὶ ζώντων κυριεύσῃ.

Σὺ δὲ τί κρίνεις τὸν ἀδελφόν σου; ἢ καὶ σὺ τί ἐξουθενεῖς τὸν ἀδελφόν σου; πάντες γὰρ παραστησόμεθα τῷ βήματι τοῦ θεοῦ,

γέγραπται γάρ• ζῶ ἐγώ, λέγει κύριος, ὅτι ἐμοὶ κάμψει πᾶν γόνυ καὶ πᾶσα γλῶσσα ἐξομολογήσεται τῷ θεῷ.

ἄρα [οὖν] ἕκαστος ἡμῶν περὶ ἑαυτοῦ λόγον δώσει [τῷ θεῷ].

Diagram

components

Romans 14:1-12

na28

subjectverb

solid

drop

equal

revrocket

line

pred

προσλαμβάνεσθε

directobject

Τὸν

participle

pstack

cword

ἀσθενοῦντα

vertical

indirectobj

τῇ

πίστει

prepphrase

εἰς

διακρίσεις

μὴ

διαλογισμῶν

table

δὲ

rocketship

ὃς

πιστεύει

quoteshelf

infinitive

φαγεῖν

πάντα

ὁ

ἐσθίει

λάχανα

ἀσθενῶν

μὲν

δὲ

text

v2a

v2b

ὁ

ἐξουθενείτω

μὴ

ἐσθίων

τὸν

ἐσθίοντα

μὴ

ὁ

κρινέτω

μὴ

ἐσθίων

μὴ

τὸν

ἐσθίοντα

δὲ

obtuse

ὁ

θεὸς

προσελάβετο

αὐτὸν

γὰρ

v3a

v3b

v3c

τίς

εἶ

predicate

σὺ

equals

ὁ

κρίνων

οἰκέτην

ἀλλότριον

στήκει

πίπτει

ἢ

τῷ

κυρίῳ

ἰδίῳ

δέ

σταθήσεται

ὁ

κύριος

δυνατεῖ

shelf

στῆσαι

αὐτόν

γὰρ

v4a

v4b

v4c

v4d

Ὃς

κρίνει

ἡμέραν

παρʼ

ἡμέραν

ὃς

κρίνει

ἡμέραν

πᾶσαν

μὲν

δὲ

[γὰρ]

ἕκαστος

πληροφορείσθω

ἐν

τῷ

νοῒ

ἰδίῳ

v5a

v5b

v5c

ὁ

φρονεῖ

κυρίῳ

φρονῶν

τὴν

ἡμέραν

ὁ

ἐσθίει

κυρίῳ

ἐσθίων

εὐχαριστεῖ

τῷ

θεῷ

γὰρ

ὁ

ἐσθίει

οὐκ

κυρίῳ

ἐσθίων

μὴ

εὐχαριστεῖ

τῷ

θεῷ

καὶ

v6a

v6b

v6c

v6d

v6e

γὰρ

οὐδεὶς

ζῇ

ἡμῶν

ἑαυτῷ

οὐδεὶς

ἀποθνῄσκει

ἑαυτῷ

καὶ

v7a

v7b

γὰρ

ζῶμεν

τῷ

κυρίῳ

ζῶμεν

ἐάν

ἀποθνῄσκομεν

τῷ

κυρίῳ

ἀποθνῄσκωμεν

ἐάν

τε

ἐσμέν

τοῦ

κυρίου

ζῶμεν

ἀποθνῄσκωμεν

τε

ἐάν

οὖν

v8a

v8b

v8c

v8d

v8e

Χριστὸς

ἀπέθανεν

ἔζησεν

καὶ

κυριεύσῃ

νεκρῶν

ζώντων

καὶ

ἵνα

εἰς

τοῦτο

γὰρ

v9a

v9b

δὲ

Σὺ

κρίνεις

τί

τὸν

ἀδελφόν

σου

σὺ

ἐξουθενεῖς

καὶ

τί

τὸν

ἀδελφόν

σου

ἢ

πάντες

παραστησόμεθα

τῷ

βήματι

τοῦ

θεοῦ

γὰρ

v10a

v10b

v10c

γάρ

γέγραπται

κύριος

λέγει

γόνυ

πᾶν

κάμψει

ἐμοὶ

γλῶσσα

πᾶσα

ἐξομολογήσεται

τῷ

θεῷ

καὶ

ἐγώ

ζῶ

ὅτι

ἄρα

[οὖν]

ἕκαστος

δώσει

ἡμῶν

λόγον

περὶ

ἑαυτοῦ

[τῷ

θεῷ]

v11b

v11c

v11e

v11d

v11a

v8f

v8g

I assume „him“ refers here to both the strong and the weak.

"This" seems to refer back to v8c - our belonging to the Lord - and forward to v9b - His being Lord of the dead and the living.

diagram

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