notes
Main point summary
When the Pharisees see Jesus disciples "harvesting" grain on the Sabbath, they ask Jesus why His disciples are breaking the Sabbath law. Jesus answers with three arguments 1) He reminds them that David broke then law when he was fleeing Saul be eating the showbread, 2) He states that the Sabbath was made for mankind and not the other way around and 3) He states that He is the Lord of the Sabbath.
Arc
editing
NT
Mark 2:23-28
na28
nasb
schl
Καὶ ἐγένετο αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς σάββασιν παραπορεύεσθαι διὰ τῶν σπορίμων,
a And it happened that He was passing through the grainfields on the Sabbath,
Und es begab sich, daß er am Sabbat durch die Saatfelder wandelte.
καὶ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἤρξαντο ὁδὸν ποιεῖν τίλλοντες τοὺς στάχυας.
and His disciples began to make their way along while b picking the heads of grain.
Und seine Jünger fingen an, auf dem Wege die Ähren abzustreifen.
progression
καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι ἔλεγον αὐτῷ•
The Pharisees were saying to Him,
Und die Pharisäer sprachen zu ihm:
ἴδε τί ποιοῦσιν τοῖς σάββασιν ὃ οὐκ ἔξεστιν;
“Look, a why are they doing what is not lawful on the Sabbath?”
Siehe, warum tun sie am Sabbat, was nicht erlaubt ist?
ideaexplanation
καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς•
And He * said to them,
Und er sprach zu ihnen:
οὐδέποτε ἀνέγνωτε τί ἐποίησεν Δαυὶδ ὅτε χρείαν ἔσχεν
“Have you never read what David did when he was in need
Habt ihr niemals gelesen, was David tat, da er Mangel litt,
καὶ ἐπείνασεν αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ μετʼ αὐτοῦ,
and he and his companions became hungry;
als ihn und seine Begleiter hungerte,
series
πῶς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπὶ Ἀβιαθὰρ ἀρχιερέως
how he entered the house of God in the time of a Abiathar the high priest,
wie er in das Haus Gottes hineinging zur Zeit des Hohenpriesters Abjathar
καὶ τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς προθέσεως ἔφαγεν, οὓς οὐκ ἔξεστιν φαγεῖν εἰ μὴ τοὺς ἱερεῖς,
and ate the 1 consecrated bread, which b is not lawful for anyone to eat except the priests,
und die Schaubrote aß, die niemand essen darf als nur die Priester,
καὶ ἔδωκεν καὶ τοῖς σὺν αὐτῷ οὖσιν;
and he also gave it to those who were with him?”
und wie er auch denen davon gab, die bei ihm waren?
καὶ ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς•
Jesus said to them,
Und er sprach zu ihnen:
τὸ σάββατον διὰ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἐγένετο
“ a The Sabbath 1 was made 2 for man,
Der Sabbat ist um des Menschen willen gemacht,
καὶ οὐχ ὁ ἄνθρωπος διὰ τὸ σάββατον•
and b not man 2 for the Sabbath.
nicht der Mensch um des Sabbats willen.
alternative
ὥστε κύριός ἐστιν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου καὶ τοῦ σαββάτου.
So the Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath.”
Also ist des Menschen Sohn auch Herr des Sabbats.
ground
questionanswer
situationresponse
Rhetorical question: Of course you have read...
Here Jesus implies that He has the right to interpret the Sabbath law because He is the Lord of the Sabbath.
By stating that David broke the law when in need Jesus implies that He (and thus His disciples) as David's Lord can also break the Sabbath law when in need.
Be stating that the Sabbath was made for man, Jesus implies that the Sabbath is a gift and not to be seen as a burden.
na28
discourse
Phrase
Mark 2:23-28
And it happened that He was passing through the grainfields on the Sabbath,
and His disciples began to make their way along while picking the heads of grain.
The Pharisees were saying to Him,
“Look, why are they doing what is not lawful on the Sabbath?”
And He said to them,
“Have you never read what David did when he was in need
and he and his companions became hungry;
how he entered the house of God in the time of Abiathar the high priest,
and ate the consecrated bread, which is not lawful for anyone to eat except the priests,
and he also gave it to those who were with him?”
Jesus said to them,
“The Sabbath was made for man,
and not man for the Sabbath.
So the Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath.”
phrasing
Phrase Greek
Mark 2:23-28
na28
Καὶ ἐγένετο αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς σάββασιν παραπορεύεσθαι διὰ τῶν σπορίμων,
And it happened that He was passing through the grainfields on the Sabbath, and His disciples began to make their way along while picking the heads of grain.
Und es begab sich, daß er am Sabbat durch die Saatfelder wandelte. Und seine Jünger fingen an, auf dem Wege die Ähren abzustreifen.
καὶ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἤρξαντο ὁδὸν ποιεῖν τίλλοντες τοὺς στάχυας.
καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι ἔλεγον αὐτῷ•
The Pharisees were saying to Him, “Look, why are they doing what is not lawful on the Sabbath?”
Und die Pharisäer sprachen zu ihm: Siehe, warum tun sie am Sabbat, was nicht erlaubt ist?
ἴδε τί ποιοῦσιν τοῖς σάββασιν
ὃ οὐκ ἔξεστιν;
καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς•
And He said to them, “Have you never read what David did when he was in need and he and his companions became hungry;
Und er sprach zu ihnen: Habt ihr niemals gelesen, was David tat, da er Mangel litt, als ihn und seine Begleiter hungerte,
οὐδέποτε ἀνέγνωτε
τί ἐποίησεν Δαυὶδ
ὅτε χρείαν ἔσχεν καὶ ἐπείνασεν αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ μετʼ αὐτοῦ,
πῶς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπὶ Ἀβιαθὰρ ἀρχιερέως
how he entered the house of God in the time of Abiathar the high priest, and ate the consecrated bread, which is not lawful for anyone to eat except the priests, and he also gave it to those who were with him?”
wie er in das Haus Gottes hineinging zur Zeit des Hohenpriesters Abjathar und die Schaubrote aß, die niemand essen darf als nur die Priester, und wie er auch denen davon gab, die bei ihm waren?
καὶ τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς προθέσεως ἔφαγεν,
οὓς οὐκ ἔξεστιν φαγεῖν εἰ μὴ τοὺς ἱερεῖς,
καὶ ἔδωκεν καὶ τοῖς σὺν αὐτῷ οὖσιν;
καὶ ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς•
Jesus said to them, “The Sabbath was made for man, and not man for the Sabbath.
Und er sprach zu ihnen: Der Sabbat ist um des Menschen willen gemacht, nicht der Mensch um des Sabbats willen.
τὸ σάββατον διὰ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἐγένετο
καὶ οὐχ ὁ ἄνθρωπος διὰ τὸ σάββατον•
ὥστε κύριός ἐστιν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου καὶ τοῦ σαββάτου.
So the Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath.”
Also ist des Menschen Sohn auch Herr des Sabbats.
Καὶ ἐγένετο αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς σάββασιν παραπορεύεσθαι διὰ τῶν σπορίμων, καὶ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἤρξαντο ὁδὸν ποιεῖν τίλλοντες τοὺς στάχυας.
καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι ἔλεγον αὐτῷ• ἴδε τί ποιοῦσιν τοῖς σάββασιν ὃ οὐκ ἔξεστιν;
καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς• οὐδέποτε ἀνέγνωτε τί ἐποίησεν Δαυὶδ ὅτε χρείαν ἔσχεν καὶ ἐπείνασεν αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ μετʼ αὐτοῦ,
πῶς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπὶ Ἀβιαθὰρ ἀρχιερέως καὶ τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς προθέσεως ἔφαγεν, οὓς οὐκ ἔξεστιν φαγεῖν εἰ μὴ τοὺς ἱερεῖς, καὶ ἔδωκεν καὶ τοῖς σὺν αὐτῷ οὖσιν;
καὶ ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς• τὸ σάββατον διὰ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἐγένετο καὶ οὐχ ὁ ἄνθρωπος διὰ τὸ σάββατον•
ὥστε κύριός ἐστιν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου καὶ τοῦ σαββάτου.
Diagram
scripturetext
components
Mark 2:23-28
na28
table
Καὶ
solid
drop
revrocket
equal
line
rocketship
pred
cword
vertical
subjectverb
ἐγένετο
shelf
αὐτὸν
infinitive
παραπορεύεσθαι
prepphrase
pstack
διὰ
τῶν
σπορίμων
ἐν
τοῖς
σάββασιν
οἱ
μαθηταὶ
ἤρξαντο
αὐτοῦ
participle
ἤρξαντο
directobject
ὁδὸν
τίλλοντες
τοὺς
στάχυας
καὶ
text
v23a
v23b
καὶ
οἱ
Φαρισαῖοι
ἔλεγον
αὐτῷ
ποιοῦσιν
τί
ὃ
ἔξεστιν
οὐκ
indirectobj
τοῖς
σάββασιν
ἴδε
v24a
v24b
v24c
καὶ
λέγει
αὐτοῖς
ἀνέγνωτε
οὐδέποτε
Δαυὶδ
ἐποίησεν
obtuse
dblrocketship
αὐτὸς
οἱ
μετʼ
αὐτοῦ
ἔσχεν
ἐπείνασεν
χρείαν
καὶ
καὶ
ὅτε
τί
equals
εἰσῆλθεν
ἔφαγεν
εἰς
τὸν
οἶκον
τοῦ
θεοῦ
ἐπὶ
Ἀβιαθὰρ
ἀρχιερέως
τοὺς
ἄρτους
τῆς
προθέσεως
ἔδωκεν
καὶ
τοῖς
οὖσιν
σὺν
αὐτῷ
καὶ
καὶ
πῶς
v25a
v25b
v25c
v25d
ἔξεστιν
οὐκ
οὓς
φαγεῖν
τοὺς
ἱερεῖς
εἰ
μὴ
smartline
dashed
free
ttext
v26a
v26b
v26c
v26d
καὶ
ἔλεγεν
αὐτοῖς
τὸ
σάββατον
ἐγένετο
διὰ
τὸν
ἄνθρωπον
ὁ
ἄνθρωπος
οὐχ
διὰ
τὸ
σάββατον
καὶ
ὁ
υἱὸς
ἐστιν
καὶ
τοῦ
ἀνθρώπου
predicate
κύριός
τοῦ
σαββάτου
ὥστε
v27a
v27b
v27c
linemid
Accusative subject
Accusative subject
diagram