notes
Main point summary
We were all spiritually dead and had earned God's wrath, but God 1) made us spiritually alive, 2) raised us up and 3) seated us with Christ. He did this to display the riches of His grace. It was not our own doing, but by His grace because He had planned beforehand for us to do good works for Him.
Arc
editing
NT
Ephesians 2:1-10
na28
nasb
schl
Καὶ ὑμᾶς ὄντας νεκροὺς τοῖς παραπτώμασιν καὶ ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις ὑμῶν,
And you 1 were a dead 2 in your trespasses and sins,
Auch euch, die ihr tot waret, durch eure Übertretungen und Sünden,
ἐν αἷς ποτε περιεπατήσατε
in which you a formerly walked
in welchen ihr einst wandeltet
κατὰ τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ κόσμου τούτου,
according to the 1 course of b this world,
nach dem Lauf dieser Welt,
κατὰ τὸν ἄρχοντα τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ ἀέρος, τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ νῦν ἐνεργοῦντος ἐν τοῖς υἱοῖς τῆς ἀπειθείας•
according to c the prince of the power of the air, of the spirit that is now working in d the sons of disobedience.
nach dem Fürsten, der in der Luft herrscht, dem Geiste, der jetzt in den Kindern des Unglaubens wirkt,
ἐν οἷς καὶ ἡμεῖς πάντες ἀνεστράφημέν ποτε ἐν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις τῆς σαρκὸς
Among them we too all a formerly lived in b the lusts of our flesh,
unter welchen auch wir alle einst einhergingen in den Lüsten unsres Fleisches,
ἡμῶν ποιοῦντες τὰ θελήματα τῆς σαρκὸς καὶ τῶν διανοιῶν,
1 indulging the desires of the flesh and of the 2 mind,
indem wir den Willen des Fleisches und der Gedanken taten;
actionmanner
καὶ ἤμεθα τέκνα φύσει ὀργῆς
and were c by nature d children of wrath,
und wir waren Kinder des Zorns von Natur,
ὡς καὶ οἱ λοιποί•
e even as the rest.
gleichwie die andern.
comparison
series
ideaexplanation
ὁ δὲ θεὸς πλούσιος ὢν ἐν ἐλέει,
But God, being a rich in mercy,
Gott aber, der da reich ist an Erbarmen,
διὰ τὴν πολλὴν ἀγάπην αὐτοῦ ἣν ἠγάπησεν ἡμᾶς,
because of b His great love with which He loved us,
hat durch seine große Liebe, womit er uns liebte,
ground
καὶ ὄντας ἡμᾶς νεκροὺς τοῖς παραπτώμασιν
even when we were a dead 1 in our transgressions,
auch uns, die wir tot waren durch die Sünden,
temporal
συνεζωοποίησεν τῷ Χριστῷ, -
made us alive together 2 with Christ
samt Christus lebendig gemacht
χάριτί ἐστε σεσῳσμένοι -
( b by grace you have been saved),
(aus Gnaden seid ihr gerettet)
καὶ συνήγειρεν
and a raised us up with Him,
und hat uns mitauferweckt
καὶ συνεκάθισεν ἐν τοῖς ἐπουρανίοις ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ,
and b seated us with Him in c the heavenly places in d Christ Jesus,
und mitversetzt in die himmlischen Regionen in Christus Jesus,
progression
inference
ἵνα ἐνδείξηται ἐν τοῖς αἰῶσιν τοῖς ἐπερχομένοις τὸ ὑπερβάλλον πλοῦτος τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ
so that in the ages to come He might show the surpassing a riches of His grace
auf daß er in den darauffolgenden Zeiten den überschwenglichen Reichtum seiner Gnade
ἐν χρηστότητι ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ.
in b kindness toward us in Christ Jesus.
erzeigte durch Güte gegen uns in Christus Jesus.
actionpurpose
concessive
Τῇ γὰρ χάριτί ἐστε σεσῳσμένοι διὰ πίστεως•
For a by grace you have been saved b through faith;
Denn durch die Gnade seid ihr gerettet,
καὶ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐξ ὑμῶν,
and 1 that not of yourselves,
vermittels des Glaubens, und das nicht aus euch,
negativepositive
θεοῦ τὸ δῶρον•
it is c the gift of God;
Gottes Gabe ist es;
οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων,
a not as a result of works,
nicht aus Werken,
ἵνα μή τις καυχήσηται.
so that b no one may boast.
damit niemand sich rühme.
αὐτοῦ γάρ ἐσμεν ποίημα, κτισθέντες ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ
For we are His workmanship, a created in b Christ Jesus
Denn wir sind sein Werk, erschaffen in Christus Jesus
ἐπὶ ἔργοις ἀγαθοῖς
for c good works,
zu guten Werken,
οἷς προητοίμασεν ὁ θεός,
which God d prepared beforehand
welche Gott zuvor bereitet hat,
ἵνα ἐν αὐτοῖς περιπατήσωμεν.
so that we would e walk in them.
daß wir darin wandeln sollen.
Why can we be alive with, raised up with and seated with Christ? Because we have been saved by grace!
We were all spiritually dead, living in sin according to the spirit of the devil, and had earned God's wrath.
But God 1) made us spiritually alive, 2) raised us up and 3) seated us with Christ to show how rich His grace is.
This was accomplished by His grace and not our own doing, because He had planned beforehand for us to do good works for Him.
We were all spiritually dead and had earned God's wrath, but God 1) made us spiritually alive, 2) raised us up and 3) seated us with Christ. He did this to display the riches of His grace. It was not our own doing, but by His grace because He had planned beforehand for us to do good works for Him.
na28
discourse
Phrase
Ephesians 2:1-10
Our Hopeless Condition
And you were dead in your trespasses and sins,
in which you formerly walked
according to the course of this world,
according to the prince of the power of the air, of the spirit that is now working in the sons of disobedience.
Among them we too all formerly lived in the lusts of our flesh,
indulging the desires of the flesh and of the mind,
and were by nature children of wrath,
even as the rest.
God's Gracious Work
But God, being rich in mercy,
because of His great love with which He loved us,
even when we were dead in our transgressions,
made us alive together with Christ
(by grace you have been saved),
and raised us up with Him,
and seated us with Him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus,
so that in the ages to come He might show the surpassing riches of His grace
in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus.
For by grace you have been saved through faith;
and that not of yourselves,
it is the gift of God;
not as a result of works,
so that no one may boast.
For we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus
for good works,
which God prepared beforehand
so that we would walk in them.
phrasing
Phrase Greek
Ephesians 2:1-10
na28
Καὶ ὑμᾶς ὄντας νεκροὺς τοῖς παραπτώμασιν καὶ ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις ὑμῶν,
And you were dead in your trespasses and sins,
Auch euch, die ihr tot waret, durch eure Übertretungen und Sünden,
ἐν αἷς ποτε περιεπατήσατε κατὰ τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ κόσμου τούτου, κατὰ τὸν ἄρχοντα τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ ἀέρος, τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ νῦν ἐνεργοῦντος ἐν τοῖς υἱοῖς τῆς ἀπειθείας•
in which you formerly walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, of the spirit that is now working in the sons of disobedience.
in welchen ihr einst wandeltet nach dem Lauf dieser Welt, nach dem Fürsten, der in der Luft herrscht, dem Geiste, der jetzt in den Kindern des Unglaubens wirkt,
ἐν οἷς καὶ ἡμεῖς πάντες ἀνεστράφημέν ποτε ἐν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις τῆς σαρκὸς ἡμῶν ποιοῦντες τὰ θελήματα τῆς σαρκὸς καὶ τῶν διανοιῶν,
Among them we too all formerly lived in the lusts of our flesh, indulging the desires of the flesh and of the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, even as the rest.
unter welchen auch wir alle einst einhergingen in den Lüsten unsres Fleisches, indem wir den Willen des Fleisches und der Gedanken taten; und wir waren Kinder des Zorns von Natur, gleichwie die andern.
καὶ ἤμεθα τέκνα φύσει ὀργῆς
ὡς καὶ οἱ λοιποί•
ὁ δὲ θεὸς πλούσιος ὢν ἐν ἐλέει, διὰ τὴν πολλὴν ἀγάπην αὐτοῦ
But God, being rich in mercy, because of His great love with which He loved us,
Gott aber, der da reich ist an Erbarmen, hat durch seine große Liebe, womit er uns liebte,
ἣν ἠγάπησεν ἡμᾶς,
καὶ ὄντας ἡμᾶς νεκροὺς τοῖς παραπτώμασιν
even when we were dead in our transgressions, made us alive together with Christ (by grace you have been saved),
auch uns, die wir tot waren durch die Sünden, samt Christus lebendig gemacht (aus Gnaden seid ihr gerettet)
συνεζωοποίησεν τῷ Χριστῷ,
- χάριτί ἐστε σεσῳσμένοι -
καὶ συνήγειρεν
and raised us up with Him, and seated us with Him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus,
und hat uns mitauferweckt und mitversetzt in die himmlischen Regionen in Christus Jesus,
καὶ συνεκάθισεν ἐν τοῖς ἐπουρανίοις ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ,
ἵνα ἐνδείξηται ἐν τοῖς αἰῶσιν τοῖς ἐπερχομένοις τὸ ὑπερβάλλον πλοῦτος τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ ἐν χρηστότητι ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ.
so that in the ages to come He might show the surpassing riches of His grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus.
auf daß er in den darauffolgenden Zeiten den überschwenglichen Reichtum seiner Gnade erzeigte durch Güte gegen uns in Christus Jesus.
Τῇ γὰρ χάριτί ἐστε σεσῳσμένοι διὰ πίστεως•
For by grace you have been saved through faith; and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God;
Denn durch die Gnade seid ihr gerettet, vermittels des Glaubens, und das nicht aus euch, Gottes Gabe ist es;
καὶ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐξ ὑμῶν,
θεοῦ τὸ δῶρον•
οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων,
not as a result of works, so that no one may boast.
nicht aus Werken, damit niemand sich rühme.
ἵνα μή τις καυχήσηται.
αὐτοῦ γάρ ἐσμεν ποίημα, κτισθέντες ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ ἐπὶ ἔργοις ἀγαθοῖς
For we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand so that we would walk in them.
Denn wir sind sein Werk, erschaffen in Christus Jesus zu guten Werken, welche Gott zuvor bereitet hat, daß wir darin wandeln sollen.
οἷς προητοίμασεν ὁ θεός,
ἵνα ἐν αὐτοῖς περιπατήσωμεν.
Καὶ ὑμᾶς ὄντας νεκροὺς τοῖς παραπτώμασιν καὶ ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις ὑμῶν,
ἐν αἷς ποτε περιεπατήσατε κατὰ τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ κόσμου τούτου, κατὰ τὸν ἄρχοντα τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ ἀέρος, τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ νῦν ἐνεργοῦντος ἐν τοῖς υἱοῖς τῆς ἀπειθείας•
ἐν οἷς καὶ ἡμεῖς πάντες ἀνεστράφημέν ποτε ἐν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις τῆς σαρκὸς ἡμῶν ποιοῦντες τὰ θελήματα τῆς σαρκὸς καὶ τῶν διανοιῶν, καὶ ἤμεθα τέκνα φύσει ὀργῆς ὡς καὶ οἱ λοιποί•
ὁ δὲ θεὸς πλούσιος ὢν ἐν ἐλέει, διὰ τὴν πολλὴν ἀγάπην αὐτοῦ ἣν ἠγάπησεν ἡμᾶς,
καὶ ὄντας ἡμᾶς νεκροὺς τοῖς παραπτώμασιν συνεζωοποίησεν τῷ Χριστῷ, - χάριτί ἐστε σεσῳσμένοι -
καὶ συνήγειρεν καὶ συνεκάθισεν ἐν τοῖς ἐπουρανίοις ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ,
ἵνα ἐνδείξηται ἐν τοῖς αἰῶσιν τοῖς ἐπερχομένοις τὸ ὑπερβάλλον πλοῦτος τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ ἐν χρηστότητι ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ.
Τῇ γὰρ χάριτί ἐστε σεσῳσμένοι διὰ πίστεως• καὶ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐξ ὑμῶν, θεοῦ τὸ δῶρον•
οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων, ἵνα μή τις καυχήσηται.
αὐτοῦ γάρ ἐσμεν ποίημα, κτισθέντες ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ ἐπὶ ἔργοις ἀγαθοῖς οἷς προητοίμασεν ὁ θεός, ἵνα ἐν αὐτοῖς περιπατήσωμεν.
Diagram
scripturetext
components
Ephesians 2:1-10
na28
table
Καὶ
solid
drop
revrocket
equal
line
subjectverb
[θεὸς]
pred
[συνεζωοποίησεν]
directobject
ὑμᾶς
participle
pstack
cword
ὄντας
vertical
νεκροὺς
indirectobj
rocketship
τοῖς
παραπτώμασιν
ταῖς
ἁμαρτίαις
καὶ
prepphrase
ὑμῶν
περιεπατήσατε
ποτε
ἐν
αἷς
κατὰ
τὸν
αἰῶνα
τοῦ
κόσμου
τούτου
κατὰ
τὸν
ἄρχοντα
τῆς
ἐξουσίας
τοῦ
ἀέρος
equals
[τὸν
ἄρχοντα]
τοῦ
πνεύματος
τοῦ
ἐνεργοῦντος
νῦν
ἐν
τοῖς
υἱοῖς
τῆς
ἀπειθείας
smartline
dashed
free
ttext
text
ἡμεῖς
πάντες
ἀνεστράφημέν
καὶ
ποτε
ποιοῦντες
τὰ
θελήματα
τῆς
σαρκὸς
τῶν
διανοιῶν
καὶ
ἐν
οἷς
ἐν
ταῖς
ἐπιθυμίαις
τῆς
σαρκὸς
ἡμῶν
v3a
v3b
v3c
καὶ
ἤμεθα
predicate
τέκνα
ὀργῆς
obtuse
οἱ
λοιποί
καὶ
ὡς
φύσει
δὲ
ὁ
θεὸς
ὢν
πλούσιος
ἐν
ἐλέει
διὰ
τὴν
ἀγάπην
πολλὴν
αὐτοῦ
συνεζωοποίησεν
συνεκάθισεν
συνήγειρεν
τῷ
Χριστῷ
ἐν
τοῖς
ἐπουρανίοις
ἐν
Χριστῷ
Ἰησοῦ
καὶ
καὶ
ἐνδείξηται
ἐν
τοῖς
αἰῶσιν
τοῖς
ἐπερχομένοις
τὸ
ὑπερβάλλον
πλοῦτος
τῆς
χάριτος
ἐν
Χριστῷ
Ἰησοῦ
ἐν
χρηστότητι
ἐφʼ
ἡμᾶς
αὐτοῦ
ἵνα
ἠγάπησεν
ἣν
dblaccusative
ἡμᾶς
ἡμᾶς
ὄντας
καὶ
νεκροὺς
τοῖς
παραπτώμασιν
ἐστε
σεσῳσμένοι
χάριτί
bracket
v4a
v4b
v5a
v5b
v5c
v6a
v6b
ἐστε
σεσῳσμένοι
Τῇ
χάριτί
διὰ
πίστεως
γὰρ
v8a
καὶ
τοῦτο
οὐκ
ἐξ
ὑμῶν
τὸ
δῶρον
θεοῦ
v8b
v8c
οὐκ
ἐξ
ἔργων
τις
καυχήσηται
μή
ἵνα
v9a
v9b
γάρ
ἐσμεν
ποίημα
αὐτοῦ
κτισθέντες
ἐπὶ
ἔργοις
ἀγαθοῖς
ἐν
Χριστῷ
Ἰησοῦ
ὁ
θεός
προητοίμασεν
οἷς
περιπατήσωμεν
ἐν
αὐτοῖς
ἵνα
v10a
v10b
v10c
From the NET Bible: "Although several translations regard the ruler to be the same as the spirit, this is unlikely since the cases in Greek are different (ruler is accusative and spirit is genitive). To get around this, some have suggested that the genitive for spirit is a genitive of apposition. However, the semantics of the genitive of apposition are against such an interpretation (cf. ExSyn 100)."
Taken from v4 and v5.
Means by which the grace was bestowed.
I assume that this is dative by attraction.
diagram