Third Discourse: The Parables of the Kingdom

Outline of the Third Discourse: The Parables of the Kingdom - Matthew 13:1-53 A. JESUS APPEARS 13:1-2 B. THE FIRST PARABLE TO THE CROWD - THE SOILS 13:3-9 C. INTERLUDE: PURPOSE AND EXPLANATION 13:10-23 i. The Reason for Parables 13:10-17 ii. The Parable of the Soils Explained 13:18-23 D. THREE PARABLES TO THE CROWD 13:24-33 i. Parable of End Times Division - The Tares Among the Wheat 13:24-30 ii. Twin Parables - The Kingdom Begins Small 13:31-33 a. The Mustard Seed 13:31-32 b. The Leaven 13:33 E. INTERLUDE: FULFILLMENT AND EXPLANATION 13:34-43 i. Parables Fulfill Prophecy 13:34-35 ii. Parable of the Tares Explained 13:36-43 D’. THREE PARABLES TO THE DISCIPLES 13:44-48 i. Twin Parables - The Kingdom is Precious 13:44-46 a. The Hidden Treasure 13:44 b. The Costly Pearl 13:45-46 ii. Parable of End Times Division - The Dragnet 13:47-48 C’. INTERLUDE: EXPLANATION AND UNDERSTANDING 13:49-51 i. Parable of the Dragnet Explained 13:49-50 ii. The Disciples Understand 13:51 B’. LAST PARABLE TO THE DISCIPLES - THE TEACHING DISCIPLE 13:52 A’. JESUS DEPARTS 13:53

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Matthew 13:1-53

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A. Jesus Appears

That day Jesus went out of the house and was sitting by the sea.

And large crowds gathered to Him, so He got into a boat and sat down, and the whole crowd was standing on the beach.

B. The First Parable to the Crowd - The Soils

A. Introduction

And He spoke many things to them in parables, saying, “Behold, the sower went out to sow;

B1. The Road

and as he sowed, some seeds fell beside the road, and the birds came and ate them up.

B2. The Rocky Places

Others fell on the rocky places, where they did not have much soil; and immediately they sprang up, because they had no depth of soil.

But when the sun had risen, they were scorched; and because they had no root, they withered away.

B3. The Thorns

Others fell among the thorns, and the thorns came up and choked them out.

B4. The Good Soil

And others fell on the good soil and yielded a crop, some a hundredfold, some sixty, and some thirty.

A'. Conclusion

He who has ears, let him hear.”

C. Interlude - Purpose and Explanation

THE REASON FOR PARABLES

Introduction

And the disciples came and said to Him, “Why do You speak to them in parables?”

Jesus answered them, “To you it has been granted to know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it has not been granted.

For whoever has, to him more shall be given, and he will have an abundance; but whoever does not have, even what he has shall be taken away from him.

A. See - Hear

Therefore I speak to them in parables; because while seeing they do not see, and while hearing they do not hear, nor do they understand.

B. Prophecy

In their case the prophecy of Isaiah is being fulfilled, which says,

C. Hearing - Seeing - Heart

‘You will keep on hearing, but will not understand;

You will keep on seeing, but will not perceive;

For the heart of this people has become dull,

D. Ears - Eyes

With their ears they scarcely hear,

And they have closed their eyes,

D'. Eyes - Ears

Otherwise they would see with their eyes,

Hear with their ears,

C'. Heart - Seeing - Hearing

And understand with their heart and return, And I would heal them.’

But blessed are your eyes, because they see;

and your ears, because they hear.

B'. Prophecy

For truly I say to you that many prophets and righteous men

A'. See - Hear

desired to see what you see, and did not see it, and to hear what you hear, and did not hear it.

THE PARABLE OF THE SOILS EXPLAINED

“Hear then the parable of the sower.

The Road

When anyone hears the word of the kingdom and does not understand it, the evil one comes and snatches away what has been sown in his heart. This is the one on whom seed was sown beside the road.

The Rocky Places

The one on whom seed was sown on the rocky places, this is the man who hears the word and immediately receives it with joy;

yet he has no firm root in himself, but is only temporary, and when affliction or persecution arises because of the word, immediately he falls away.

The Thorns

And the one on whom seed was sown among the thorns, this is the man who hears the word, and the worry of the world and the deceitfulness of wealth choke the word, and it becomes unfruitful.

The Good Soil

And the one on whom seed was sown on the good soil, this is the man who hears the word and understands it; who indeed bears fruit and brings forth, some a hundredfold, some sixty, and some thirty.”

D. Three Parables to the Crowd

PARABLE OF END TIMES DIVISION - THE TARES AMONG THE WHEAT

Jesus presented another parable to them, saying,

The Situation

“The kingdom of heaven may be compared to a man who sowed good seed in his field.

But while his men were sleeping, his enemy came and sowed tares among the wheat, and went away.

But when the wheat sprouted and bore grain, then the tares became evident also.

First Question: Why?

The slaves of the landowner came and said to him, ‘Sir, did you not sow good seed in your field? How then does it have tares?’

And he said to them, ‘An enemy has done this!’

Second Question: What to do?

The slaves said to him, ‘Do you want us, then, to go and gather them up?’

But he said, ‘No; for while you are gathering up the tares, you may uproot the wheat with them.

Allow both to grow together until the harvest; and in the time of the harvest I will say to the reapers, “First gather up the tares and bind them in bundles to burn them up; but gather the wheat into my barn.”’”

TWIN PARABLES - THE KINGDOM BEGINS SMALL

The Mustard Seed

He presented another parable to them, saying,

“The kingdom of heaven is like a mustard seed, which a man took and sowed in his field;

and this is smaller than all other seeds, but when it is full grown, it is larger than the garden plants and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air come and nest in its branches.”

The Leaven

He spoke another parable to them,

“The kingdom of heaven is like leaven, which a woman took and hid in three pecks of flour until it was all leavened.”

E. Fulfillment and Explanation

Parables Fulfill Prophecy

All these things Jesus spoke to the crowds in parables, and He did not speak to them without a parable.

This was to fulfill what was spoken through the prophet: “I will open My mouth in parables; I will utter things hidden since the foundation of the world.”

The Parable of the Tares Explained

Then He left the crowds and went into the house. And His disciples came to Him and said, “Explain to us the parable of the tares of the field.”

And He said, “The one who sows the good seed is the Son of Man,

and the field is the world; and as for the good seed, these are the sons of the kingdom; and the tares are the sons of the evil one;

and the enemy who sowed them is the devil, and the harvest is the end of the age; and the reapers are angels.

So just as the tares are gathered up and burned with fire, so shall it be at the end of the age.

The Son of Man will send forth His angels, and they will gather out of His kingdom all stumbling blocks, and those who commit lawlessness,

and will throw them into the furnace of fire; in that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

Then the righteous will shine forth as the sun in the kingdom of their Father. He who has ears, let him hear.

D'. Three Parables to the Disciples

TWIN PARABLES - THE KINGDOM IS PRECIOUS

The Hidden Treasure

The Supreme Value of the Kingdom - Found by Chance

“The kingdom of heaven is like a treasure hidden in the field, which a man found and hid again; and from joy over it he goes and sells all that he has and buys that field.

The Costly Pearl

The Supreme Value of the Kingdom - Found after Seeking

“Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant seeking fine pearls,

and upon finding one pearl of great value, he went and sold all that he had and bought it.

PARABLE OF END TIMES DIVISION - THE DRAGNET

“Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a dragnet cast into the sea, and gathering fish of every kind;

and when it was filled, they drew it up on the beach; and they sat down and gathered the good fish into containers, but the bad they threw away.

C'. Interlude - Explanation and Understanding

The Parable of the Dragnet Explained

So it will be at the end of the age; the angels will come forth and take out the wicked from among the righteous,

and will throw them into the furnace of fire; in that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

The Disciples Understand

“Have you understood all these things?” They said to Him, “Yes.”

B'. The Last Parable to the Disciples - The Teaching Disciple

And Jesus said to them, “Therefore every scribe who has become a disciple of the kingdom of heaven is like a head of a household, who brings out of his treasure things new and old.”

A'. Jesus Departs

When Jesus had finished these parables, He departed from there.

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