1 John Phrasing

Observation notes 1. What is the logical connection between 1:4 and 1:5? The argument is this: that verses 5-10 are the content of the proclamation of 1:3. In essence, 1:3 is not just a message about Jesus, b ut also a message about what are lifestyle in Jesus should look like. 2. Why suddenly does " the blood of Jesus his son cleanses us" appear somewhat out of blue in 1:7 I am still not sure of this statement in the context of the chapter, although it is a great truth, no doubt.

phrasing

1 John 2

1 John 2:1-27

1 John: a letter to keep people from sin (and a powerful backup if they do!)

My little children,

I am writing these things

to you

Destination

so that you may not sin.

Purpose Advantage

But ... we have an advocate

Concessive (non-gram)

if anyone does sin,

Condition

with the Father,

Destination/reference

Jesus Christ

the righteous.

He is the propitiation

Explanation 2 (non-gram)

for our sins,

Purpose Advantage 1

and not for ours only

Negative

but also for the sins

Purpose Advantage 2

of the whole world.

Evidence of a True Knowledge of Jesus: Walking in Commandments

And ... we know

by this

Means

that we have come to know him,

if we keep his commandments.

Whoever ... is a liar,

Expl 1 (non-gram)

says

“I know him”

but does not keep his commandments

and the truth is not in him,

Explanation 2

but whoever ... in him truly the love ... is perfected.

Expl 2 (non-gram)

keeps his word,

of God

Objective

By this

we may know

that we are in him:

whoever ... ought to walk

he abides

in him

Locative sphere

in the same way

in which he walked.

Standard

The Old Commandment is the Message of Chapter 1: to walk in the light, since God himself is light

Beloved,

I am writing you ... but an old commandment

no new commandment,

that you had

from the beginning.

Temporal

The old commandment is the word

that you have heard.

At the same time, it is a new commandment

Concession

that I am writing

to you,

which is true

in him

Locative Spheres 1-2

and in you,

because the darkness is passing away

Grounds 1-2

and the true light is already shining.

2 Different Ways of Walking, Illustrated

Whoever ... is still in darkness.

says he is in the light

and hates his brother

Whoever ... abides in the light,

loves his brother

and in him

there is no cause for stumbling.

Result

But whoever ... is in the darkness

hates his brother

Explanations 1-3

and walks in the darkness,

and does not know

where he is going,

because the darkness has blinded his eyes.

Ground

1 John: a letter to those who know God, to those forgiven, to those with victory over Satan

I am writing

to you,

little children,

because your sins are forgiven

for his name’s sake.

Deep Ground

I am writing

to you,

fathers,

because you know him

who is from the beginning.

I am writing

to you,

young men,

because you have overcome the evil one.

I write

to you,

children,

because you know the Father.

I write

to you,

fathers,

because you know him

who is from the beginning.

I write

to you,

young men,

because you are strong,

Ground 1

of God

Producer

and the word ... abides

Ground 2

in you,

Locative

and you have overcome the evil one.

Ground 3

2 different ways of walking (just new terms, that’s it)

Do not love the world

or the things

in the world.

If anyone loves the world,

the love ... is not in him.

Ground (non-gramm)

of the Father

Objective (mainly)

For all that is in the world—

the desires

Content 1

of the flesh

Attributive (source?)

and the desires

Content 2

of the eyes

Attributive (poss, subj)

and pride

Content 3

of life —

Source (producer?)

is not from the Father

but is from the world.

And the world is passing away

along with its desires,

Accompaniment

but whoever ... abides forever.

does the will

of God

The time of false professors and your True Discernment I

Children,

it is the last hour,

and as you have heard

that antichrist is coming,

so now many antichrists have come.

Therefore we know that it is the last hour.

They went out

from us,

but they were not of us;

for ... they would have continued

if they had been of us,

with us.

But they went out,

that it might become plain

that they all are not of us.

But you have been anointed

by the Holy One,

Agency

and you all have knowledge.

Content/Resu

I write

to you,

not because you do not know the truth,

but because you know it,

Grounds 1-2

and because no lie is of the truth.

False Professors and your True Discernment (Abiding) II

Who is the liar

but he

Answer

who denies that Jesus is the Christ?

This is the antichrist,

Explanation (non-gram)

who denies the Father

and the Son.

No one ... has the Father.

who denies the Son

Whoever ... has the Father also.

confesses the Son

Let what you heard ... abide

from the beginning

in you.

Locative sphere

from the beginning

If what you heard ... abides

in you,

Locative sphere

then you too will abide

in the Son

Locative spheres 1-2

and in the Father.

And this is the promise

that he made

to us —

Purpose advantage

eternal life.

I write these things

to you

about those

who are trying to deceive you.

But the anointing ... abides

that you received

from him

in you,

Locative sphere

and you have no need

that anyone should teach you.

But as his anointing teaches you

about everything,

Content 1

and is true,

Explanation 1-2

and is no lie—

just as it has taught you,

abide in him.

Content 2 (Main)

My own personal translation of "Whoever" in this chapter "This is the man who..."

Old : because they had heard this command countless times since becoming a Christian New : because before coming to Jesus, they had never heard it

2:16 translation all the things that are in the world, they are sourced in the “world system at a large”

Observations for commentary searching 1. Why sudden introduction of Antichrists? It is about the “Doctrine test”, which he will now introduce 2. What is verse 20ff connection of Anointing to Antichrist protection? It is showing that the Holy Spirit himself will lead us to internally know what is True Doctrine

General Overview of 1 John 2 *Emphasis of the Nature of the Christian’s walk *Purpose of the letter given 2 times: to not sin, to be re-assured that they do know god *Discernment of Doctrine: given to us as to who are or are not False Christians

1John 2:28-3:10

1 John 2:28-3:10

Meditations on the amazing realities of being a Child of God

And now, little children,

abide

in him,

Locative Sphere

so that ... we may have confidence

Purpose (advantage)

when he appears

and not shrink ... at his coming.

Negative Purpose

from him

in shame

If you know that he is righteous,

you may be sure

that everyone ... has been born of him.

who practices righteousness

See what kind (what quality) ... the Father has given

of love

Attributed (an "amazing quality" of love)

to us,

Purpose Advantage

that we should be called children

Content (poss. result)

of God;

Subjective (Possessive)

and so we are.

why the world does not know us

The reason ... is

that it did not know him.

Beloved,

we are God’s children now,

and ... has not yet appeared;

what we will be

but we know

that ... we shall be like him,

when he appears

because we shall see him

as he is.

Manner (his pure self)

who thus hopes

in him

Locative sphere (destination)

And everyone ... purifies himself

as he is pure.

Comparison/Manner/Standard

The practical characteristic of God’s child: his non-sinning, told 3 times

First statement: non-sin in relationship to Christ having come

Everyone ... also practices lawlessness;

who makes a practice

of sinning

(and) sin is lawlessness.

You know that

he appeared

Content 1

in order to take away sins,

and ... there is no sin.

Content 2

in him

No one ... keeps on sinning;

who abides

in him

Locative Sphere

no one ... has either seen him

who keeps on sinning

or known him.

2nd statement: non-sin related to destroying Satan

Little children,

let no one deceive you.

Whoever ... is righteous,

Content 1(non-gram)

practices righteousness

as he is righteous.

Whoever ... is of the devil,

Content 2 (non-gram)

makes a practice of sinning

for the devil has been sinning

from the beginning.

The reason the Son of God appeared was

to destroy the works

Purpose Disadvantage

of the devil.

3rd statement: 2 kinds of children, those born of God or of Satan

No one ... makes a practice of sinning,

born of God

for God’s seed abides

Ground 1

in him,

and he cannot keep on sinning

Ground 2

because he has been born

of God.

Subjective

By this

it is evident

who are the children

Content 1

of God,

Subjective (Possessive)

and who are the children

Content 2

of the devil:

Subjective (Possessive)

whoever ... is not of God,

Content 3

does not practice righteousness

nor is the one

Content 4

who does not love his brother.

My own translation of "Whoever" and "Everyone" "This is the man who (is)...

Some meditations on being a "child of God" (3:1-3) In 3:1-3, John is just exulting over how amazing it is to be a child of God. He is stunned at the reality of it! 1. He pauses, slows down, and tastes, to see the " amazing, stunning essential quality in God's to us " (its overflowing sweet graciousness towards us). He is shocked with joy that he is now a child of God (oh my!). (3:1) And s o we too (like John does) should slow down, taste, and contemplate the amazing reality, the unexpected reality of having becoming a child! 2. He does not even know what a child of God is (will be in its totality yet), but he is so, so excited by it , which is that a child of God will one day see Jesus in his perfect natural (spiritual) state. (3:2) 3. He ends by looking at the essential quality of a child of God: his purity (which is what, in its perfected state that is, he shared with Jesus). (3:3)

Meditations on Children of God and Non-Sinning As much as John: lingers so sweetly and lengthily upon the beauty and amazing love that produced us as God’s children he now equally hammers home forcefully the other reality, 3 times, that such sweetness leads absolutely to non-sinning, and he is forceful about it! Yes, there are sweet meditations in 1 John, but there are also forceful exhortations in John as well, and both are needed.

The Overview of this Section (2:28-3:10) From Stott: From 2:28 onwards is the second layering of the same 3 tests outlined previously, and the first test taken up again is the Obedience-Righteousness to God Test (2:28-3:10) The connection of 3:1-3 and 3:4-10: The amazing love poured out to birth us as children (who will be fully purified in the end, being able to see Jesus purely) (3:1-3), is the stunning ground that makes a practice of sinning so unthinkable (3:4-10). __________________ The Prolegomena : Believing Jesus has practical results in Daily Life (1:1-2:2) 1:1-4: The Son in this world, believed 1:5-2:2: Belief leading to right living The First Layer of the 3 Tests (2:3-27) (the tests do overlap though) 1. Obedience-Righteousness Test (2:3-6) 2. The Loving Others Test (2:7-11) Two digressions: 2:12-17 (The Church and the World 3. Believing (Doctrine) Test (2:18-2:27)

1 John 3:11-4:6

Loving brothers as a sign of life (hating brothers thus a sign of death)

The General 2 Ways

For this is the message

that you have heard

from the beginning,

that we should love one another.

We should not be like Cain,

who was of the evil one

and murdered his brother.

And why did he murder him?

Because his own deeds were evil

Answers 1-2

and his brother’s righteous.

Do not be surprised,

brothers,

that the world hates you.

We know

that we have passed ... into life,

out of death

because we love the brothers.

Whoever ... abides

in death.

Locative Sphere

does not love

Everyone ... is a murderer,

who hates his brother

and you know

Explanation 2

that no murderer has eternal life abiding

in him.

Loving Brothers explained: actual actions (Physical, though spiritual also there)

By this

we know love,

that he laid down his life

for us,

Purpose Advantage

and we ought to lay down our lives

for the brothers.

Purpose Advantage

if anyone ... yet closes his heart

against him,

Purpose Disadvantage

has the world’s goods

and sees his brother

in need,

But ... how does God’s love abide

in him?

Little children,

let us (love) ...

but in deed

Manner 1-2

and in truth.

not love in word

Negative 1-2

or talk

Confidence before God based on loving; help from him when we have forgotten

To the weaker Christian, less love, feels guilt

By this

we shall know

that we are of the truth

Content 1-2

and reassure our heart

before him;

that if our heart condemns us,

Temporal (condition)

that God....and knows everything

is greater

than our heart,

To the stronger Christian, who is loving

Beloved,

if our heart does not condemn us,

we have confidence

before God;

whatever we ask

and ... we receive

from him,

because we keep his commandments

and do what pleases him.

Summary of the love command and encouragement

And this is his commandment,

that we believe

Content 1

in the name

of his Son

Jesus Christ

and love one another,

Content 2

just as he has commanded us.

Whoever ... abides

in God,

Locative Sphere

keeps his commandments

and God (abides)

in him.

And by this

we know

that he abides

in us,

by the Spirit

Means 2 (Expl of Means 1)

whom he has given us.

Testing the spirits for truth

The command to do it

Beloved,

do ... but test the spirits

not believe every spirit,

to see

whether they are from God,

for many false prophets have gone out

into the world.

How to test: Way 1

By this

you know the Spirit

of God:

every spirit ... is from God,

that confesses that Jesus Christ has come

in the flesh

and every spirit ... is not from God.

that does not confess Jesus

This is the spirit

of the antichrist,

which you heard was coming

and now is in the world already.

Encouragement in the testing

Little children,

you are from God

and have overcome them,

for he ... is greater

who is in you

than he

who is in the world.

How to test: Way 2

They are from the world;

therefore they speak from the world,

and the world listens

to them.

Purpose advantage

We are from God.

knows God

Whoever ... listens

to us;

Purpose advantage (destination)

is not from God

whoever ... does not listen

to us.

Purpose advantage (destination)

By this

we know the Spirit

of truth

attributive

and the spirit

of error.

Attributive

Questions to answer 1. Why does John give a specific illustration of Scripture here, when he hasn't really up until now? (And why Cain as that example?) (3:12) Cain is the Prototype of the World (the world does not love) 2. Why the sudden talk of "the world hates you" in 3:13? The world is basically like Cain: they hate righteousness and love evil like Cain 2. Why the talk of spirits in 4:1, suddenly? (Just like the start of the talk of antichrists in 2:18). What is it that brings about this new section, for John? This is looping back to layer 2:18-2:27 (the Doctrine-Belief Test)

The Overview of this Section 2 ( 2:28-4:6 ) From Stott: From 2:28 onwards is the second layering of the same 3 tests outlined previously, and the first test taken up again is the Obedience-Righteousness to God Test ( 2:28- 3:10 ) The connection of 3:1-3 and 3:4-10: The amazing love poured out to birth us as children (who will be fully purified in the end, being able to see Jesus purely) ( 3:1-3 ), is the stunning ground that makes a practice of sinning so unthinkable ( 3:4-10 ). ** Then in 3:11-18 is the second layering of the Loving Others Test *3:19-24 is a digression to give assurance **Then in 4:1-6 is the second layering of the Believing-Doctrine Test __________________ The Prolegomena : Believing Jesus has practical results in Daily Life ( 1:1- 2:2 ) 1:1-4: The Son in this world, believed 1:5-2:2: Belief leading to right living The First Layer of the 3 Tests ( 2:3-27 ) (the tests do overlap though) 1. Obedience-Righteousness Test ( 2:3-6 ) 2. The Loving Others Test ( 2:7-11 ) Two digressions: 2:12-17 (The Church and the World 3. Believing (Doctrine) Test ( 2:18- 2:27 )

Outline of 1 John so far (1:1-4:6) The Prolegomena : Believing Jesus has practical results in Daily Life ( 1:1- 2:2 ) 1:1-4: The Son in this world, believed 1:5-2:2: Belief leading to right living ______________ The First Layering of the 3 Tests ( 2:3-27 ) (the tests themselves do overlap with each other a bit though) 1. Obedience-Righteousness Test ( 2:3-6 ) 2. The Loving Others Test ( 2:7-11 ) Two digressions: 2:12-17 (The Church and the World 3. Believing (Doctrine) Test ( 2:18- 2:27 ) _______________ The Second Layering of the 3 Tests (2:28-4:6) 1. The Obedience-Righteousness Test again (with a New focus on the Father's birthing us as providing stunning grounds for obedience) 2:28-3:10 2. The Loving Others Test again (with a New focus on Love as a sign of life, love as being practical physical actions) 3:11-18 A digression: Assurance while you are going about loving (sometimes failing) 3:19-24 3. The Believing (Doctrine) Test (with a new focus on false spirits/words/Christ as the Incarnation) 4:1-6

1 John 4:7-21

Those Born of God love one another

The General State

Beloved,

let us love one another,

for love is from God,

and whoever ... has been born

of God

loves

and knows God.

Result or Explanation

Anyone ... does not know God,

who does not love

because God is love.

The Sending of his Son to enable our loving

In this

the love ... was made manifest

of God

among us,

Locative sphere

that God sent his only Son

Content of 4:9a means

into the world,

so that we might live

through him.

Means/Agency

In this

is love,

not that we have loved God

but that ... and sent his Son

Content of 4:10a means

he loved us

to be the propitiation

for our sins.

Beloved,

if God ... loved us,

in this manner so

we also ought to love one another.

No one has ever seen God;

if we love one another,

God abides in us

and his love is perfected

Explanation or Result

in us.

Faith in Christ (Doctrine) and the Spirit enable our loving

By this

we know

that we abide in him

and he

in us,

because that he has given us of his Spirit.

Content of 13a means

And we have seen

and testify

that the Father has sent his Son

to be the Savior

of the world.

Whoever confesses ... God abides in him,

that Jesus is the Son of God,

and he

in God.

Locative sphere

So And we have come to know ... the love

and to believe

that God has

for us.

Purpose advantage

God is love,

abides

in love

Locative Sphere

and whoever ... abides in God,

and God abides in him.

Explanation or Result

The Essential Goal of our Love

By this

is love perfected

with us,

Reference/Explanation

so that we may have confidence

for in the day of judgment,

because that ... so also are we in this world.

Content of Means in 17a

as he is

There is no fear in love,

but perfect love casts out fear.

For fear has to do with punishment,

fears

and whoever ... has not been perfected

in love.

General statement, one more time

We love

because he himself first loved us.

If anyone ... he is a liar;

(who) ... and hates his brother,

says, “I love God,”

for he ... cannot love God

who does not love his brother

whom he has seen

whom he has not seen.

And this commandment we have

from him:

whoever ... must also love his brother.

loves God

Questions to answer 1. In 4, 17 what is "also in the this world, as he is"? I think it means our end point in our holiness, at the very end, when we have been purified completely. 2. In 4:18 Why the sudden talk about fear, and then after that, about punishment? What is its connection to perfection (also 4:12)? Why does John introduce that topic here? I think it is “perfected love” now, at the second coming of Jesus . The fear is the fear one would have in the final judgement, of not confident of his justification

1 John 5:1-12

The result of being birthed by the Father: loving others

The General statement

Everyone ... has been born

who believes

that Jesus is the Christ

of God,

and everyone ... loves whoever has been born

who loves the Father

of him.

How this works out (how we love others )

By this

we know

Means of 5:1e

that we love the children

of God,

Relationship

when we love God

Content of 5:2 means

and obey his commandments.

For this is the love

of God,

that we keep his commandments.

And his commandments are not burdensome.

For everyone ... overcomes the world.

Means of 5:3d

who has been born of God

And this is the victory

that has overcome the world—

our faith.

5:1 re-summary

Who is it that overcomes the world

except the one who believes

that Jesus is the Son

of God?

Doctrine’s Final Testimony

The true nature of the testimony about Jesus

This is he ... Jesus Christ;

who came by water

and blood—

not ... but by the water

by the water only

and the blood.

And the Spirit is the one who testifies,

because the Spirit is the truth.

For there are three that testify:

the Spirit

Explanation 1-3

and the water

and the blood;

and these three agree.

Explanation 2

The Doctrine test: the testimony which is believed

If we receive the testimony of men,

the testimony of God is greater,

for this is the testimony

of God

Source or Possessive or Subjective

that he has borne

concerning his Son.

Whoever ... has the testimony

Explanation of 9b

believes

in the Son

of God

in himself.

Explanation 2

Whoever ... has made him a liar,

does not believe God

because he has not believed

in the testimony

that God has borne

concerning his Son.

And this is the testimony,

that God gave us eternal life,

and this life is in his Son.

Whoever ... has life;

has the Son

whoever ... does not have life.

does not have the Son

of God

5:1-5 as the Culmination of the Whole Letter; this section as “Pauline-style John” ALL the 3 Tests-Signs brought together into one integrated truth, with logical links like Paul (only here does John for once write like Paul, and it is grand!) And 5:6-12 too I believe carry on this “Pauline manner”, with more explicit (in my mind) logical links than before.

1 John 5:13-21

The purpose of 1 John

I write these things

to you

Purpose advantage

who believe

in the name

Purpose Advantage

of the Son

of God

that you may know

that you have eternal life.

The child of God's privelege (who has the 3 signs): answered prayers

The General Statement

And this is the confidence

that we have

toward him,

that ... he hears us.

if we ask anything

according to his will

And ... we know

that we have the requests

if we know

that he hears us

in whatever we ask,

that we have asked

of him.

The kinds of prayers he usually gives: for others

If anyone sees his brother committing a sin

not leading to death,

he shall ask,

and God will give him life—

to those

Purpose Advantage

who commit sins

that do not lead to death.

There is sin

that leads to death;

I do not say that one should pray

for that.

Purpose Advantage

All wrongdoing is sin,

and but there is sin

that does not lead to death.

The Final Summary: A begotten child of God believes in the Son and keeps the commandments

who was born

of God

We know that ... but he ... protects him,

everyone ... does not keep on sinning,

who has been born

of God

and the evil one does not touch him.

We know

that we are from God,

Content 1 and 2

and the whole world lies in the power

of the evil one.

Possessive or Subjective

And we know

that the Son of God has come

and has given us understanding

so that we may know him

who is true;

and we are in him

who is true,

in his Son Jesus Christ.

Reference or Explanation

This He is the true God

Reference or Explanation 1 and 2

and eternal life.

Little children,

keep yourselves from idols.

Observations 1. I am fairly sure that in 5:18, that it is Jesus who is protecting the believer from evil. 3 reasons for this: A. There are two different tenses used for begotten: aorist, and then the perfect, which differentiates the two. B. Does a Christian believer "protect" a fellow believer, or "ask for" a fellow believer. Moreover, is it the job of a Christian brother to protect another from Satan, or Jesus? Based on the language differences, I take this to be Jesus. C. I think the "everyone does not.." language refers again to Christians in general, and that there really is another section break here. The "evil one" in 19 argues more for a new section as well.

notes

Main point summary

The Son of God came to this earth to be believed upon. This shows itself in 3 fully integrated and inseparable ways: believing in the Son, walking in his commandments, and loving our brothers and sisters.

Book Arc

1 John 1:1-5:21

a The purpose of the Son of God coming to this earth: for us to have incredible fellowship with Him. (1:1-4)

l Who the Father (and the Son) are: Light, and that has implications for our daily lives. (1:5-10)

1 John: a letter to keep people from sin (and a powerful backup if they do!) (2:1-2)

ideaexplanation

actionresult

Sign 1: Evidence of a true knowledge of Jesus: walking in the commandments. (2:3-6)

Sign 2, Love: The Old Commandment is the Message of Chapter 1: to walk in the light, since God himself is light, with 2 ways illustrated (2:7-11).

1 John: a letter to those who know God, to those forgiven, to those with victory over Satan. (2:12-14)

v 2 different ways of walking (just new terms, that’s it) (2:15-17)

series

e Sign 3: Belief . The time of false professors and your True Discernment I (2:18-21)

False Professors and your True Discernment (Abiding) II 2:22-27)

It is so amazing to be a child born of God, and that child will purify himself over his life, and will see Jesus in his total purity at the very end. (2:28-3:3)

The practical characteristic of God’s child is his non-sinning, told 3 times (3:4-10)

Loving brothers is a sign of life (and non-loving is a sign of death), and loving is practical (3:11-18)

We have confidence before God because we are loving; we have help from him when we have forgotten to love well. (3:19-24)

Test the spirits to see if they really believe in the truth of Jesus, the Son of God. (4:1-6)

Let us love one another as all born of God do so (4:7-8).

We love because God first sent Jesus to this earth as a propitiation for our sins ( this is what love is) 4:9-12 GROUND of 4:7-8

Our faith in Christ and our having the Spirit enable us to be loving. 4:13-16 MANNER of 4:7-8

The goal of love: it will be perfected on the day of judgement. 4:17-18. END of 4:7-8

General statement on love once more: those born of God are loving others. 4:19-21

John combines now all 3 tests into one, to show how we love one another, using “Pauline” linkage to integrate the 3 signs together. (5:1-5)

John shows the other “peak test”: believing in the testimony of God about His Son, Jesus. (5:6-12)

The child of God's privilege (who has the 3 signs): his prayers (almost always for others) are answered. 5:13-17

The Final Summary: A begotten child of God believes in the Son and keeps the commandments 5:18-21

Outline of 1 John ———————- Overture of 1 John, “Belief always connected to life”: 1,1 to 2,2 ——————— The Groundwork: 2,3 to 4,6 The 3 tests (1st round, all 3, basic definitions) 2,3 to 2,27 Layer 2 of the 3 tests (2nd round, all 3: new birth linking to obedience; loving as having daily practical elements; belief about discernment again) 2,28 to 4,6 —————- Towards a Summation Layer 3 of the 3 tests: Just one, The PEAK test: Loving as the major sign (the Ground of Loving, the Manner of Loving, the Final Goal of Loving) 4,7 to 4,21 Layer 4 of the 3 tests: The Combination of all 3 tests into one integral statement 5,1 to 5,5 Layer 5 of the 3 tests: Just one, The “Other PEAK test”: the testimony of God about His Son, believed 5,6 to 5,12

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