John 19.31-42

Jesus’ Side Is Pierced 31 Since it was g the day of Preparation, and h so that the bodies would not remain on the cross on the Sabbath (for that Sabbath was i a high day), the Jews asked Pilate that their legs might be broken and that they might be taken away. 32 So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first, and of the other j who had been crucified with him. 33 But when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs. 34 But one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and at once there came out k blood and water. 35 l He who saw it has borne witness— m his testimony is true, and he knows that he is telling the truth— n that you also may believe. 36 o For these things took place that the Scripture might be fulfilled: p “Not one of his bones q will be broken.” 37 And again another Scripture says, r “They will look on him whom they have pierced.” Jesus Is Buried 38 s After these things Joseph of Arimathea, who was a disciple of Jesus, but secretly t for fear of the Jews, asked Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus, and Pilate gave him permission. So he came and took away his body. 39 u Nicodemus also, who earlier had come to Jesus 1 by night, came v bringing a mixture of w myrrh and aloes, about seventy-five pounds 2 in weight. 40 So they took the body of Jesus and x bound it in y linen cloths with the spices, as is the burial custom of the Jews. 41 Now in the place where he was crucified there was a z garden, and a in the garden a new tomb b in which no one had yet been laid. 42 So because of the Jewish c day of Preparation, d since the tomb was close at hand, they laid Jesus there.

John 19:31-42

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31 Οἱ οὖν Ἰουδαῖοι, ἐπεὶ παρασκευὴ ἦν, ἵνα μὴ μείνῃ ἐπὶ τοῦ σταυροῦ τὰ σώματα ἐν τῷ σαββάτῳ, ἦν γὰρ μεγάλη ἡ ἡμέρα ἐκείνου τοῦ σαββάτου, ἠρώτησαν τὸν Πιλᾶτον ἵνα κατεαγῶσιν αὐτῶν τὰ σκέλη καὶ ἀρθῶσιν. 32 ἦλθον οὖν οἱ στρατιῶται καὶ τοῦ μὲν πρώτου κατέαξαν τὰ σκέλη καὶ τοῦ ἄλλου τοῦ συσταυρωθέντος αὐτῷ• 33 ἐπὶ δὲ τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἐλθόντες, ὡς εἶδον ἤδη αὐτὸν τεθνηκότα, οὐ κατέαξαν αὐτοῦ τὰ σκέλη, 34 ἀλλʼ εἷς τῶν στρατιωτῶν λόγχῃ αὐτοῦ τὴν πλευρὰν ἔνυξεν, καὶ ἐξῆλθεν εὐθὺς αἷμα καὶ ὕδωρ. 35 καὶ ὁ ἑωρακὼς μεμαρτύρηκεν, καὶ ἀληθινὴ αὐτοῦ ἐστιν ἡ μαρτυρία, καὶ ἐκεῖνος οἶδεν ὅτι ἀληθῆ λέγει, ἵνα καὶ ὑμεῖς πιστεύ[ς]ητε. 36 ἐγένετο γὰρ ταῦτα ἵνα ἡ γραφὴ πληρωθῇ• ὀστοῦν οὐ συντριβήσεται αὐτοῦ. 37 καὶ πάλιν ἑτέρα γραφὴ λέγει• ὄψονται εἰς ὃν ἐξεκέντησαν. 38 Μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἠρώτησεν τὸν Πιλᾶτον Ἰωσὴφ [ὁ] ἀπὸ Ἁριμαθαίας, ὢν μαθητὴς τοῦ Ἰησοῦ κεκρυμμένος δὲ διὰ τὸν φόβον τῶν Ἰουδαίων, ἵνα ἄρῃ τὸ σῶμα τοῦ Ἰησοῦ• καὶ ἐπέτρεψεν ὁ Πιλᾶτος. ἦλθεν οὖν καὶ ἦρεν τὸ σῶμα αὐτοῦ. 39 ἦλθεν δὲ καὶ Νικόδημος, ὁ ἐλθὼν πρὸς αὐτὸν νυκτὸς τὸ πρῶτον, φέρων μίγμα σμύρνης καὶ ἀλόης ὡς λίτρας ἑκατόν. 40 ἔλαβον οὖν τὸ σῶμα τοῦ Ἰησοῦ καὶ ἔδησαν αὐτὸ ὀθονίοις μετὰ τῶν ἀρωμάτων, καθὼς ἔθος ἐστὶν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις ἐνταφιάζειν. 41 ἦν δὲ ἐν τῷ τόπῳ ὅπου ἐσταυρώθη κῆπος, καὶ ἐν τῷ κήπῳ μνημεῖον καινὸν ἐν ᾧ οὐδέπω οὐδεὶς ἦν τεθειμένος• 42 ἐκεῖ οὖν διὰ τὴν παρασκευὴν τῶν Ἰουδαίων, ὅτι ἐγγὺς ἦν τὸ μνημεῖον, ἔθηκαν τὸν Ἰησοῦν.

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Jesus is buried Intro tbc 1. Jesus' side is pierced but his bones are not broken (v31-37) v31 further hypocrisy, like not going into Pilate's house. The desire to hasten death so that bodies would not be left hanging, which made the land unclean (Deut 21.22-23). v32 Roman custom of breaking legs to hasten death - cf archeological evidence. v33 Jesus already dead, possibly due to double flogging? v34-35 significance of this detail; emphasis of his death as a human being, truly the word made flesh; eyewitness emphasis (we have seen his glory!) cf docetic false teaching then and since (continuing in Islam). Symbolism of atoning blood and cleansing water. Possibly also Exodus 17 and Numbers 20. Strike the rock etc. The LORD, the Rock of his people, is struck and gives life-giving water. v36-37; Links to sacrificial lamb, Exodus 12.46 and Numbers 9.12. Also God's care for his beloved people, Psalm 34.10. Piercing link; Zechariah 12.10 and NB Zechariah 13. 2. Jesus' body is taken, prepared, and buried in a garden nearby (v38-42) v38 the 'Jews' clearly refers to authorities in opposition to Jesus, since Joseph himself was a Jew. v39 Nicodemus - subtle point being made here about his growth as a disciple (previously he enquired 'by night'). Two wealthy men, with lots of spices. Myrrh cf gifts presented to Jesus. v41-42 nearness of tomb significant given the time of the day, sabbath beginning at night fall on the Friday. No one else had been laid there; no mistaking the resurrection when it happens. Allusions already to Genesis; life coming from the 'side' of the man. The garden (or orchard/plantation). Wrap up : tbc

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